LA 7 Flashcards
complete writing system
allows you to record any and all thoughts and words, easily conveys abstract thoughts
writing
graphic representation of a language
partial writing system
limited in what it can convey, “picture writing systems” can’t depict abstract ideas
phonetic sign
graphic mark that represents one or more of the sounds of a language
semantic sign
graphic mark that represents a specific idea or meaning
pictographic “writing”
uses pictures or images to represent things
rebus writing
single picture to represent tow or more words that sound the same, a picture of the sun, represents sun/son
logographic writing
graphic signs are used to represent words, or ideas associated with those words mean
syllabic writing
uses graphic signs to represent individual syllables (think of stresses, cat=1 syllable)
logosyllabic writing
signs can carry both semantic and phonetic information to help you decode what is written. chinese, japanese
determinative
sign added to another sign to clarify meaning or create new words
phonetic deteminatives
help to suggest related words that are pronounced differently
semantic determinatives
help to separate different words that might be pronounced similarly
alphabetic writing
uses graphic signs to represent individual consonants and vowels. English, Arabic, Hebrew
grapheme
describe the smallest segment of speech that is represented in a a writing system
lexeme
unit of writing that is surrounded by white space on a page. (frame)
autonomous approach
assumes that reading and writing is different from speaking
practice approach to literacy
approach suggests that literacy is a set of habitual behaviors or “practices” exercised in specific cultural contexts and often for specific reasons
entexualization
the process of putting spoken words onto paper; the process of transforming spoken language into some form of written langauge
literacy event
one or more reading acts involving one or pmore participants; any occasion when individuals attempt to read and/or write, also how is literacy incorporated into daily lives;
Heath and Piedmont
logosyllabic writing
a system in which signs can carry both semantic and phonetic information
syllabic writing
a system in which graphic signs represent individual syllables
nonverbal communication
the process of transmitting messages without spoken words
proxemics
study of how people perceive and use space
Literacy
ability to read and write
abstract, generalizing, context-free, objectively distanced, analytic, record-based, historical, truth-based, skeptical and inquiring
Orality
ability to hear and speak;
concrete, particularizing, context-bound, situational, subjective, empathetic, participatory, aggregative, memory-based, myth-based, opinionated, belief-based and traditional
literacy 2
permanence, able to draw on the text time after time. study and examine documents closely
Photographic Truths
Cambodia, Pol Pot, words sounded good but were misleading. After that experience, photos are seen as the most truthful because they can’t be skewed like words.
Literate people can not be shown to be any more:
logical, critical, objective, or analytic than non literate or oral people
European Middle Ages
illiteracy was appropriate for nobility. had scribes;
Enlightenment
fashionable for eltes to be able to read and write; women, ethnic and racial groups were excluded
America
Civil War: slaves kept illiterate: Frederick Douglas
“charity schools” to encourage limited literacy to get more efficient wand effective workers
