LA Flashcards
What size is the blue cap needle?
2.5cm
What size is the yellow cap needle?
3.5cm
what are the dental aesthetics that are available on LDI?
Lidocaine
Prilocaine
Articaine
Mepivicaine
Which dental aesthetics that are available on LDI contain adrenaline?
Lidocaine
Articaine
What effect does adrenaline in LA have?
Constricts the veins to keep the adrenaline local to the area so it can be slowly released.
This allows the patient to stay numb for longer
Gets into the blood stream, the patient can feel like their heart is beating faster and slightly light headed and anxious
Which LAs do not contain adrenaline and what do they contain instead?
Prilocaine contains Felypressin
Mepivicaine - no adrenaline
How does LA that doesnt contain adrenaline work?
Doesnt constrict the blood vessels, so it doesnt last as long as LA that contains adrenaline
What do we do when we have entered the injection site but not yet administered LA?
Aspirate to ensure we are not in a blood vessel
What does 1 cartridge of Lidocaine contain?
Hydrochloride 2%
1 Cartridge is 2.2ml
44mg lidocaine
27.5 ug of adrenaline (1:80,000)
(1ml Cartridge is 20mg lidocaine and 12.5 ug of adrenaline)
What is the maximum dose of lidocaine for a healthy 70 kg adult?
4 cartridges containing 2.2ml
What is the dose of lidocaine that you do not exceed?
4.4 mg/kg
absolute dose of 200mg of lidocaine
200ug of adrenaline
For children over the age of 4 what is the average dose of lidocaine?
20 - 30mg lidocaine
How is a childs lidocaine calculated?
Child weight (KG) X 1.33
How long does lidocaine last?
1.5 to 2.5 hours
What is the contraindications with lidocaine and pregnancy?
Crosses the placenta but not harmful
present in milk but too small to be harmful
Which patients should be we be precautious around with lidocaine?
Liver Problems
Heart problems
High blood pressure
Cardiac disease
diabetes
What is the maximum dose of articaine in adults?
4 cartridges of 1.7ml
What is in 1 cartridge of articaine?
68mg articaine
17ug adrenaline
What is in in 1ml of articaine?
40mg articaine
10ug adrenaline
What is the maximum dose for children over 4 years old?
7mg/kg
Do we use articaine on pregnant women?
No, do not use it
Which has the longest lasting duration?
Articaine
Lidocaine
Prilocaine
Mepivicaine
Articaine
Which patients should we be extra careful with when administering articaine?
Patients with Lung disorder, sever asthma, Liver, kidney, thyroid problems
Diabetes, glaucoma
epilepsy
What are the contraindications when administering articaine?
Patients with heart problems, blood disorders, bruise easily
taking antidepressants
What is the main ingredient in articaine?
Espestesin
What does prilocaine containe?
hydrochloride 3%
Felypressin 0.03 IU/ml
What is in 1 cartridge of Prilocaine?
66mg prilocaine
1.188 ug felypressin
What is in 1ml of prilocaine?
30mg prilocaine
0.54ug felypressin
What is the indication for using prilocaine?
When adrenaline must be avoided
What is the maximum dose of prilocaine for adults?
5 cartridges of 2.2ml
Do not exceed 9mg/kg
What can felypressin cause?
Coronary vasoconstriction when used at high doses
What is the duration of prilocaine?
1.5 to 2.5 hours
What does 1 cartridge of mepivicaine contain?
66mg of mepivicaine
What does 1ml of mepivicaine contain?
30mg mepivicaine
What is the indication for using mepivicaine?
When a patient cant have a vasoconstrictor
Patietns with severe hypertension or unstable cardiac rhythm
What is the maximum dose of mepivicaine?
4.5 cartridges of 2.2ml
Do not exceed 4.4mg/kg
What is the maximum dose of mepivicaine in children over 4 years old?
0.75mg/kg
How long does mepivicaine last?
30 minutes
What are the contraindications when pregnant or breastfeeding?
Use with caution
What are the precautions?
Use with care in patients with heart or liver or kidney problems
