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YR 4 Prep > LA > Flashcards

LA Flashcards

1
Q

What size is the blue cap needle?

A

2.5cm

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2
Q

What size is the yellow cap needle?

A

3.5cm

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3
Q

what are the dental aesthetics that are available on LDI?

A

Lidocaine

Prilocaine

Articaine

Mepivicaine

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4
Q

Which dental aesthetics that are available on LDI contain adrenaline?

A

Lidocaine

Articaine

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5
Q

What effect does adrenaline in LA have?

A

Constricts the veins to keep the adrenaline local to the area so it can be slowly released.

This allows the patient to stay numb for longer

Gets into the blood stream, the patient can feel like their heart is beating faster and slightly light headed and anxious

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6
Q

Which LAs do not contain adrenaline and what do they contain instead?

A

Prilocaine contains Felypressin

Mepivicaine - no adrenaline

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7
Q

How does LA that doesnt contain adrenaline work?

A

Doesnt constrict the blood vessels, so it doesnt last as long as LA that contains adrenaline

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8
Q

What do we do when we have entered the injection site but not yet administered LA?

A

Aspirate to ensure we are not in a blood vessel

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9
Q

What does 1 cartridge of Lidocaine contain?

A

Hydrochloride 2%

1 Cartridge is 2.2ml

44mg lidocaine

27.5 ug of adrenaline (1:80,000)

(1ml Cartridge is 20mg lidocaine and 12.5 ug of adrenaline)

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10
Q

What is the maximum dose of lidocaine for a healthy 70 kg adult?

A

4 cartridges containing 2.2ml

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11
Q

What is the dose of lidocaine that you do not exceed?

A

4.4 mg/kg

absolute dose of 200mg of lidocaine

200ug of adrenaline

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12
Q

For children over the age of 4 what is the average dose of lidocaine?

A

20 - 30mg lidocaine

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13
Q

How is a childs lidocaine calculated?

A

Child weight (KG) X 1.33

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14
Q

How long does lidocaine last?

A

1.5 to 2.5 hours

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15
Q

What is the contraindications with lidocaine and pregnancy?

A

Crosses the placenta but not harmful

present in milk but too small to be harmful

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16
Q

Which patients should be we be precautious around with lidocaine?

A

Liver Problems

Heart problems

High blood pressure

Cardiac disease

diabetes

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17
Q

What is the maximum dose of articaine in adults?

A

4 cartridges of 1.7ml

18
Q

What is in 1 cartridge of articaine?

A

68mg articaine

17ug adrenaline

19
Q

What is in in 1ml of articaine?

A

40mg articaine

10ug adrenaline

20
Q

What is the maximum dose for children over 4 years old?

A

7mg/kg

21
Q

Do we use articaine on pregnant women?

A

No, do not use it

22
Q

Which has the longest lasting duration?

Articaine

Lidocaine

Prilocaine

Mepivicaine

A

Articaine

23
Q

Which patients should we be extra careful with when administering articaine?

A

Patients with Lung disorder, sever asthma, Liver, kidney, thyroid problems

Diabetes, glaucoma

epilepsy

24
Q

What are the contraindications when administering articaine?

A

Patients with heart problems, blood disorders, bruise easily

taking antidepressants

25
Q

What is the main ingredient in articaine?

A

Espestesin

26
Q

What does prilocaine containe?

A

hydrochloride 3%

Felypressin 0.03 IU/ml

27
Q

What is in 1 cartridge of Prilocaine?

A

66mg prilocaine

1.188 ug felypressin

28
Q

What is in 1ml of prilocaine?

A

30mg prilocaine

0.54ug felypressin

29
Q

What is the indication for using prilocaine?

A

When adrenaline must be avoided

30
Q

What is the maximum dose of prilocaine for adults?

A

5 cartridges of 2.2ml

Do not exceed 9mg/kg

31
Q

What can felypressin cause?

A

Coronary vasoconstriction when used at high doses

32
Q

What is the duration of prilocaine?

A

1.5 to 2.5 hours

33
Q

What does 1 cartridge of mepivicaine contain?

A

66mg of mepivicaine

34
Q

What does 1ml of mepivicaine contain?

A

30mg mepivicaine

35
Q

What is the indication for using mepivicaine?

A

When a patient cant have a vasoconstrictor

Patietns with severe hypertension or unstable cardiac rhythm

36
Q

What is the maximum dose of mepivicaine?

A

4.5 cartridges of 2.2ml

Do not exceed 4.4mg/kg

37
Q

What is the maximum dose of mepivicaine in children over 4 years old?

A

0.75mg/kg

38
Q

How long does mepivicaine last?

A

30 minutes

39
Q

What are the contraindications when pregnant or breastfeeding?

A

Use with caution

40
Q

What are the precautions?

A

Use with care in patients with heart or liver or kidney problems

41
Q
A

YR 4 Prep (11 decks)

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