Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

SA Gastroenterology (Spring 2015) > L9: Clinical Approach to Chronic Diarrhea > Flashcards

L9: Clinical Approach to Chronic Diarrhea Flashcards

1
Q

major causes of chronic diarrhea in DOGS

A 
IBD (plasmocytic, lymphocytic, eosinophilic)
Antibiotic Responsive D
Food Responsive Disease (FRD)
Parasites
Lymphangiectasia
EPI
Intestinal neoplasia
Fungal disease
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

major causes of chronic diarrhea in CATS

A 
IBD (plasmocytic, lymphocytic, eosinophilic)
Diffuse intestinal tumor
FRD
ARD
Viral infections
intestinal parasites
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

components of chronic diarrhea Hx**

A 
duration
diet
progression
environment
appetite
fecal appearance
frequency
vomiting? (suggests disease of upper GIT)
tenesmus? (suggests involvement of distal rectum, colon or anus)
body weight and condition
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Q: 1yo MC Shih Tzu with 2mo. hx of small bowel diarrhea. Eating well. Not on HWP. Goes to dog park. Top differential?

A

A: parasites

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Q: 12yo MC Shih Tzu has 1 mo hx of small bowel diarrhea and weight loss (20%). Poor appetite. Top differential?

A

A: Neoplasia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

clinical association to dehydration

A

diarrheal fluid loss (d,v)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

clinical association to depression/weakness

A

electrolyte imbalance, debilitation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

clinical association to emaciation/malnutrition

A

protein calorie malnutrition

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

clinical association to pallor (anemia)

A

GI blood loss, anemia of chronic disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

clinical association to edema/effusion

A

PLE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

clinical association to thickened bowel

A

infiltrative disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

clinical association to mesenteric lymphadenopathy

A

reactive, neoplasia, infiltrative disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

slide 20

A

:)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Fecal exam methods

A
  • Microscopic: centrifuge, saline smear (looks for progressively motile org.), cytology (histoplasmosis, lymphoma)
  • Culture
  • check for C. perfringens
  • Giardia, Tritrichomonas
  • PCR Panel (neg. result doesn’t exclude parasites!)
  • canine alpha1 proteinase inhibitor test (detects protein in blood leaked into the GIT; can get false positives)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Hematologic findings in chronic diarrhea

A
  • MOST normal
  • neutrophilia
  • monocytosis
  • eosinophilia (may also be seen with Addison’s)
  • lymphopenia
  • erythrocytes/MCV
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

clinical association to panhypoproteinemia

A

PLE, hemorrhage

17
Q

clinical association to dec. Ca

A

hypoalbuminemia

18
Q

clinical association to inc. liver enzymes

A

reactive hepatopathy, IBD, hyperthyroidism

19
Q

slide 25

A

:)

20
Q

Dx/Tx for Food Responsive Disease

A

Diet Trials

  • serum food allergy testing unreliable
  • need 2-6wk tx period
21
Q

Antibiotic Responsive Disease

A
  • SIBO? Intestinal dysbiosis?
  • results from inc. or altered bacteria, abnormal host response
  • common in GSDs
22
Q

Dx of Antibiotic Responsive Disease

A

Cobalamin/folate

-cobalamin def. seen commony in GI dz (esp in cats); low conc. assoc. with tx failure

23
Q

what can lead to cobalamin def. in dogs?

A

ileal disease

24
Q

what can lead to cobalamin def. in cats?

A

low intrinsic factor (IF) (made in pancreas of cats, released into stomach)

25
Q

intestinal biopsy essential for dx of:

A

IBD
intestinal tumors
mycotic infection
-can use endoscopy, laparotomy, laparoscopy

26
Q

why is laparoscopy “best” for intestinal biopsy?

A
  • minimally invasive
  • full thickness GI biopsy possible
  • can biopsy other organs
27
Q

major causes of chronic LI diarrhea in DOGS

A
  • IBD (plasmocytic, lymphocytic, eosinophilic)
  • FRD
  • Parasites
  • Diffuse tumors (LSA)
  • IBS?
28
Q

major causes of chronic LI diarrhea in CATS

A
  • IBD (plasmocytic, lymphocytic, eosinophilic)
  • FRD
  • parasites
  • diffuse tumors (LSA)
29
Q

Diagnostic studies: LI

A
  • diet trial
  • test feces for Clostridium (dog): ELISA, PCR, look for spores
  • response to rational therapy
  • contrast rad studies?
  • colonoscopy/biopsy
30
Q

Rational Therapy: Colitis

A

1) Deworming (fenbendazole)
2) Sulfasalazine
3) Abx (metronidazole, tylosin)

SA Gastroenterology (Spring 2015) (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions