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6 Prosthetics & Orthotics > L7 Prosthetics Components > Flashcards

L7 Prosthetics Components Flashcards

1
Q

Parts of TT prostheses

A

socket
pylon
ankle
foot
suspension

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2
Q

Parts of TF prostheses

A

socket
rotator
knee joint
pylon
foot

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3
Q

Preparatory prosthesis

A

First prosthesis after amputation

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4
Q

Definitive Prosthesis

A

provided after limb has matured and shape/volume has stabilized

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5
Q

Bench alignment

A

done on a work bench in sitting

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6
Q

Static alignment

A

with patient standing at parallel bars

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7
Q

Dynamic Alignment

A

after observing gait

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8
Q

Socket anterior

A

knee easier to flex

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9
Q

Socket posterior

A

knee more stable, in extension

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10
Q

Foot moved anterior

A

knee more stable

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11
Q

Foot moved posterior

A

knee easier to flex

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12
Q

Knee more stable in transtibial alignment

A

socket posterior
foot moved anterior

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13
Q

Knee easier to flex in transtibial alignment

A

socket anterior
foot moved posterior

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14
Q

Relative DF

A

inclines the prosthesis anteriorly

moves the knee joint center forward relative to GRF, promoting knee flexion at LR

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15
Q

Relative PF

A

inclines the prosthesis posteriorly
moves knee joint center backwards relative to GRF, promoting knee extension throughout stance phase

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16
Q

TT Socket flexion

A

moves knee joint center anterior relative GRF

promotes knee flexion at LR

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17
Q

TT Socket extension

A

moves knee joint center posterior relative to GRF, promoting extension throughout LR and stance

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18
Q

Socket flex/ext is named for

A

alignment it produces in most distal residual joint

prosthetist can align the socket in some initial flexion for an individual with short hip or knee flexors

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19
Q

Transfemoral Bench alignment

A

proper fit helps pt to not feel weight of prosthetic

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20
Q

Pressure tolerant areas TT

A

patellar ligament
lateral fibular shaft
medial tibial shaft
lateral tibial shaft

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21
Q

Pressure sensitive areas TT

A

fibular head (moves as leg flexes)
lateral tibial flare
tibial crest
distal end of fibula/tibia
patella
anterior tibial tubercle
peroneal nerve
adductor tubercle

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22
Q

Pressure Tolerant Areas TF

A

ischium
soft tissue of residual limb

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23
Q

Pressure Sensitive Areas TF

A

greater trochanter
pubic tubercle
pubic ramus
pubic symphysis
distal end of femur
perineum

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24
Q

Sockets for Partial Foot amputations

A

toe filler w/carbon footplate
anterior shell AFO w/toe filler
full laminated socket w/carbon plate

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25
Partial foot prosthesis
toe filler with carbon footplate
26
Types of Transtibial Sockets
patellar tendon bearing supracondylar PTB supracondylar suprapatellar total surface bearing(indicated for all RL)
27
Patellar tendon bearing
TT very extreme modifications to take up weight in specific areas of limb older version most weight through front and sides
28
Transfemoral Socket Types
quadrilateral socket ischial containment socket sub ischial socket
29
Quadrilateral socket
TF no bony lock
30
Ischial containment socket
TF bony lock
31
Interface types
skin fit socks and sheaths TPE gel silicone urthane
32
Skin fit interfaces
mainly just TF sockets and somewhat rare excellent fit is important
33
Socks and sheaths
mainly preparatory TT sockets
34
TPE gel Interface
most common for preparatory and definitive socket 3-9 mm thickness
35
Silicone Interface
much thinner material than TPE 1-2 mm
36
Urthane Interface
likely custom liner due to shape or invagination
37
Joint and Corset Suspension
TT, used rarely, mainly now for short limbs and/or knee instability KAFO on a prosthesis
38
Supracondylar Suspension
TT, commonly used on short limbs or for pts having distal skin issues suspended from condyles
39
Wait belt with fork strap suspension
TT, indicated for people with distal sensitivity unable or unwilling to use suspension sleeve
40
Neoprene or gel suspension sleeve
TT, can be used by itself or with suction suspension often used on preparatory sockets
41
Suction with sleeve suspension
TT excellent option for healthy limb and/or active patient controversially used for wound care very positive suspension
42
Pin lock suspension
TT, most commonly used suspension, easy don/doff
43
Silesian belt suspension
TF used for low activity suspension can also be used with other suspension for lateral control
44
Hip joint and pelvic band
commonly used for short limbs that have problems with conventional suspension
45
Lanyard suspension
TF common for preparatory sockets
46
Types of Transfemoral suspension
vacuum seal in liners lanyard hip and pelvic band silesian belt
47
Osseointegration
don't use a socket b/c it goes directly into the bone
48
Stiffer heel
creates more rapid DF and increases ease of knee flexion
49
Soft Heel
provides increased pseudo-PF control and leads to more knee stability
50
Keel
all but the heel of the prosthetic foot
51
Length of keel
determines timing of heel rise when GRF passes in front of keel, it causes toe extension on ant portion of foot the extension moment will break the toe, the foot bends at the end of solid keel, helping heel to rise
52
Heel lever
roughly the perpendicular distance from heel cushion to center of socket
53
Toe lever
roughly the perpendicular distance from center of socket to end of keel
54
Shortening the heel lever
1. Locates the GRF more ant with respect to knee during LR and midstance, causing knee extension 2. Increases toe lever, which sustains knee extension. Can prevent knee flexion if too long
55
Lengthening the Heel Lever
1. locates GRF posteriorly to knee at IC, producing knee flexion during LR 2. Decreases toe lever, causing knee to flex in midstance or TS. Can cause drop off
56
Drop off
results if toe lever is too short and knee flexes before the person is ready to accept weight on opposite leg
57
Forward displacement of socket will
1. increase the heel lever, creating GRF flexor moment at LR 2. Decreases the toe lever
58
Heel lever increasing...
desirable for those with TT amputation, helps with knee flexion in LR not desirable for TF amputation if it makes knee more unstable
59
Decreasing the toe lever...
shorter lever causes early heel rise and knee flexion
60
Backward displacement of socket will
1. Decrease the heel lever 2. Increases toe lever
61
Decreasing heel lever...
allows GRF to move anteriorly to the knee axis and promotes knee extension during midstance
62
Increasing toe lever...
delays heel rise and supports knee extension longer in stance phase
63
Solid ankle cushioned heel
non-articulating with rigid keel cushioned heel for shock abs allows for PF at IC abrupt DF stop after midstance lacks energy return cannot accommodate to uneven surfaces
64
Flexible Keel Foot
allows motion similar to SACH feet able to conform to uneven terrain, remains supportive and stable during standing and walking more realistic movements, still relatively rigid
65
Single Axis Foot
articulated foot w/rubber bumpers simulating PF and DF allows for motion in singular plane improved knee stability during weight acceptance lack energy return if not paired with dynamic response foot
66
Multiaxial Foot
DF, PF, inversion, eversion, with carbon fiber energy return adapts to varied surfaces goes into foot shell
67
Hydraulic Feet
multiaxis with shockabsorption, carbon foot plate with hydraulic controls moderate to high energy return adjusts to varied surfaces smooth rollover stance phase
68
Dynamic Response/Energy Return Foot
can be articulating or non-articulating keel has the capability to store and return energy may have split keel to allow for improve surface accommodation
69
Microprocessor ankle
multiaxis smooth computer controlled response to varied surfaces with some active push-off at different gait speeds evaluates forces/resistance/surfaces with tech
70
TKA that passes anterior to knee joint
inherently more stable than TKA that passes through the knee joint, but one that passes through the joint will provide voluntary control
71
Single Axis Knee
also known as constant friction knee difficult to reciprocate during gait constant friction mechanism single speed swing phase control no stance control
72
Polycentric Knee
-four bar linkage system provides for moving axis -provides some control during stance and swing -good for long RL, helps with toe clearance -more fluid gait -constant friction -heavier than single axis
73
Stance Control Knee
-weight activated friction brake stabilizes knee in any degree of flexion -limited swing phase control, weight has to be off prosthesis to initiate swing -good knee stability -good for lower level ambulators that need stability and slow gait speeds
74
Hydraulic Knee
variable friction for improved swing and stance phase control greater variability than polycentric knee more normal gait
75
Pneumatic Knees
both pneumatic and hydraulic systems mimic muscles of natural knee by responding to varying walking speeds hydraulic will be heavier than pneumatic, but provide smoother walking pattern
76
Microprocessor Knee
allows for management of descending stairs and hills requires charging computer driven control for improved swing/stance control as well as stumble control closest to normal knee motion
77
To maximize stability of prosthetic knee
socket flexion knee axis posterior to socket ankle anterior to socket soft heel cushion soft shoe heel low shoe heel

6 Prosthetics & Orthotics (11 decks)

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