L7 - Big Data

Question 1

What is big data?

Answer 1

-These are datasets too large or complex to process using traditional data processing methods

Question 2

What is big data used to measure? (6)

Answer 2

-Big data is gathered from large populations of DNA, RNA, protein molecules as well as cells, tissues and organisms

Question 3

What is used to analyse the following:
Short read sequence -
Long read sequence -
Proteomics/metabolomics -
Epigenomics -

Answer 3

Short read sequence - Illumina programme
Long read sequence - PacBio
Proteomics/metabolomics - Mass spectrometry
Epigenomics - ChIP-Seq

Question 4

What is genomics used for
what is transciptomics used for?

Answer 4

-analysing DNA
-analysing RNA

Question 5

What is Fold-change?
What is Significance?

Answer 5

Fold-change - is how much gene expression is increased or decreased by the treatment

Significance - the statistical significance of the difference in gene expression

Question 6

What happens in a single cell RNA-Seq? (5)

Answer 6

-Collects the transcriptome of many individual cells
-Instead of measuring all the mRNA, measure from the individual cells of the sample
-Do this by breaking down the tissue into a single cell suspension that contains different cell types from the sample
-Link the sequencing data to particular cells and find out which mRNA belongs to which cell
-Use a UMAP plot to present the data where each dot is a cell

Question 7

In a Genome-wide association study (GWAS) what is identified?

Answer 7

-(single nucleotide variants) SNPs, high scoring SNPs may be associated with the diseases and play causative roles