L7&8 Personality Flashcards
What is personality
The unique pattern of enduring thoughts, feelings and actions that characterise a person
- uniqueness
- consistency
* across time & situations
* allows prediction
Measuring personality- standards
Reliability
Validity
Reliability
- Test-retest reliability (consistent over time)
- Internal consistency
- Inter-rater reliability
Validity
- Face validity
- Content validity
- Criterion validity
Types of construct validity
- Convergent validity
- Discriminant validity
Freudian theory
- Levels of consciousness
- Structural model of personality
- Defence mechanisms
- Psychosexual development
Freudian theory- levels of consciousness
Conscious
Pre-conscious
Unconcious
Structural model of personality- ID
- Present at birth
- Unconscious
*Eros and thanatos - Pleasure principle
- Immediate gratification
Structural model of personality- Ego
- Lies in conscious and preconsciousness
- Mediates the demands of the id, superego and reality
- Reality principle
Structural model of personality- Superego
- Rules of parents and society
- Morality principle
- Shoulds and Should nots
- Guilt
- Conflict with ID
Defence mechanisms- Repression
Preventing painful or dangerous thoughts or memories from entering consciousness
Defence mechanisms- Projection
Transferring unacceptable thoughts or impulses onto others
Defence mechanisms- Sublimation
Channeling unacceptable impulses into constructive/socially acceptable activities
Psychosexual stages
- Conflict centered on an erogenous zone
- First few years of life- personality fixed early
- Oral, Anal, Phallic, Latent, Genital
