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Behavioral Endocrinology > L6_Sex determination > Flashcards

L6_Sex determination Flashcards

1
Q

Secondary sexual characteristics

A
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2
Q

Chromosomal sex

A

-sex determination of gonadal sex
- in mammals XX vs XY (SRY

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3
Q

Gonadal sex

A

Ovary vs testes (SRY)
Germinal ridge = primordial gonad

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4
Q

Hormonal sex

A

-peptide hormones and androgen
- sex differentiation of morphological sex

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5
Q

Morphological sex

A
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6
Q

Behavioral sex

A
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7
Q

Gender role

A

Based on human culture in humans

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8
Q

SRY

A

Sex determining region in Y chromosome

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9
Q

Germinal ridge

A

Tissue that has the potential to develop either testes or ovary = premordial gonad

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10
Q

Ovary and Testes

A
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11
Q

Estrogen

A
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12
Q

Estrodial (E2)

A

Testosterone turns estradiol (estrogen) through aromatase
affects brain and behavior
during early development, E2 affects brain!

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13
Q

Dihydrotestosterone (DHT)

A

Testosterone turns to DHT(androgen) through 5a-reductase
affect external genitalia

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14
Q

Testosterone

A

a pro

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15
Q

Aromatase

A

Convert testosterone to Estradiol (estrogen)

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16
Q

Accessory sex organs

A

-both exist to stat unlike primordial gonad
- one duct develops and one retract during early development

17
Q

Ovary , Fallopian tube, Uterus, Cervix

A
Gonads connect to external environment
18
Q

Epididymis, vas deferens, seminal vesicles, prostate

A
19
Q

Mullerian and Wolffian duct

A

Female default: absence of hormones Mullerian develop and wolffian regress

Male development require testosterone and MIH
- testosterone for Wolffian development
-MIH for regression mullerian

20
Q

Mullerian inhibitory hormone

A

Require for regression of Müllerian duct in males

21
Q

Genital tubercle, genital folds, clitoris, urogenital groove, labia

A
22
Q

5alpa-dihydrotestosterone and reductase

A

Androgen derive from testosterone and binds more strongly to androgen compared T

5a-reductase convert testosterone to DHT

23
Q

Intersex

A

When external genitalia atypical ( genitalia in bw male and female)

24
Q

Disorders of sexual development (DSD)

A

handout
congenital conditions where development of chromosomal, gonadal, hormonal or anatomical sex is atypical

25
Q

Turner syndrome (in females)

A

individuals lack X chromosome
female external appearance, but ovarian development is limited
don’t attain puberty w/o medications

26
Q

Klinefelter syndrome

A

-has an extra X chromosome (XXY)
-externally and internally masculinized

27
Q

XYY syndrome

A

-male at birth but common with XXY individuals
increased aggressiveness

28
Q

Androgen insensitive syndrome (AIS):in males

A

-androgen receptors absent
-mutation in X chromosome
-

29
Q

Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH)

A

Fetal adrenal glands produce androgen instead of cortisol

Affect external genitalia potentially puberty

30
Q

DMRT1

A
31
Q

SOX3

A

Behavioral Endocrinology (8 decks)

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