L6 Tissue Processing Flashcards
Microscopic study include?
Study of oral soft tissues
-routine tissue processing
Study of dental hard tissues
-Ground sections
-Decalcified sections
Methods of Biopsy Taking are __________ biopsy, __________ biopsy, _______ biopsy, ________biopsy and _______ biopsy
Incisional
Excisional
Punch
Core needle
Curettage
What are the 8 principles of tissue processing of oral soft tissue?
Fixation
Dehydration
Clearing
Impregnation
Embedding
Sectioning
Staining
Mounting
The purpose of fixation is to?
-preserve the living structure
-prevent autolysis of tissue
-inhibit bacterial of fungal growth
-make the tissue resistant to damage during subsequent stages of processing
What are the 5 major groups of fixatives?
Aldehydes
-formaldehyde
Alcohols
-methanol and ethanol
Mercurials
-mercuric chloride
Oxidising agent
-potassium permanganate
Picrates
-picric acid
Tissue processing refers to ________ so that the tissue is rendered sufficiently firm yet elastic so that it can be cut on a microtome.
the treatment of the tissue necessary to impregnate it into a solid medium.
Dehydration is done to ______ from the fixative tissues to allow ______________. It is done by passing through ___________ of alcohol.
remove the water content
the penetration of paraffin wax
ascending grades
Solutions used in Dehydration process?
Methyl & Ethyl alcohol
Isopropyl alcohol
Acetone
Clearing is done by __________________.
replacing alcohol by a fluid that is miscible with both alcohol & paraffin.
Most common clearing agents used are ______ and _____.
Xylene
Paraffin oil
Impregnation is ___________ with __________.
replacing the clearing agent
embedding medium
Embedding is a process by which tissues are ___________ such as ________ which when solidifes will provide sufficient ___________ during sectioning.
surrounded by a medium
agar, gelatin or wax
external support
Examples of embedding medium are
paraffin wax and ester wax
Sectioning is the ______ of tissue blocks and to be cut into thin sections of _____ with a microtome
trimming
3-5 micrometer
Types of microtomes are ?
rocking
rotary
base sledge
Staining is ______ a ______ to a substrate to qualify or quantify the presence of a specific compound.
adding
class-specific dye
What are the commonly used staining procedure?
Haemotoxylin and Eosin staining
Gram staining
Basic dye haemotoxylin colours ______ structures with ______.
basophilic
blue-purple
Alcohol based acidic eosin colours ______ structures with _______.
eosinophilic
bright pink
Steps involved in H&E staining procedure
Removal of wax
Rehydration of tissues
Staining of H&E
Dehydration
Clearing
Mounting is used to ______ to the slide.
adhere the coverslip
Mounting is important to
protect the tissue from being scratched
provide better optical quality
preserve the tissue section
2 types of mounting media are ______ mounting media and _____ mounting media.
water based
resinous
Decalcified sections is a process where _______ in the mineralized tissue is ____ so that tissue becomes soft enough to make sections.
calcium
removed
Decalcification is done by _____,_____ and _____.
Acids
Chelating agents
Electrolysis
Ground sections are sections made up of _______ specimens.
undecalcified
What is the volume ratio of fixative to tissue?
10:1
