L6: The emergence of community based DRR

Question 1

Why do we need to involve local level actors and communities in DRR?

Answer 1

• community leaders have influence and can spread info

- communities know what they want and how hazards impact them directly

Question 2

What is a community?

Answer 2

• group of people with something in common

- share resources and space

Question 3

How did CBDRR emerge?

Answer 3

from people and organisations working amongst those at risk and recognising socio-political aspects of disaster risk. they were part of the development paradigm

Question 4

What are the key aspects of CBDRR?

Answer 4

• community members main actors and beneficiaries
• most vulnerable groups prioritised
• risk reduction measures are community-specific
• existing capacities recognised
• outsiders have supporting and facilitating roles

Question 5

What is participation (in DRR)?

Answer 5

• engagement of affected population in one or more aspects of project cycle
• not imposed, but a product of shared objectives

Question 6

Community factors affecting community participation

Answer 6

community cohesion
political issues and conflicts
capacity, time and resources
previous experiences of community projects
external organisations involved
culture
social and cultural organisation

Question 7

External factors affecting community participation

Answer 7

organisational and political mandate
access to community
security and safety
scope of the project
resources
time
language

Question 8

What are instrumental approaches to community participation?

Answer 8

• community participation seen as a means of achieving project objectives (ticking boxes)
• can lead to capacity development

Question 9

What are collaborative approaches to community participation?

Answer 9

• based on an exchange of resources throughout the project to reach shared objectives
• implementing organisation aims to build community capacity and learn from it
• communities may act via existing formal structures, or may create informal/temporary structures for purpose of project

Question 10

What are supportive approaches to community participation?

Answer 10

• recognise, work through and build existing or potential community capacities
• external agencies provide technical/financial/material support for community to undertake their own projects

Question 11

What makes a DRR project successful?

Answer 11

• H/E/V reduced; disaster resilience increased
• increased risk awareness and knowledge of appropriate DRR actions
• Local ownership of the project
• adoption of DRR good practices and behaviours
• maintenance of any structural/infrastructural solutions

Question 12

What might affect communication?

Answer 12

perceptions of risk and of other stakeholders, social dynamics, political agendas and messages, history, gender, land ownership