Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

env > L6 > Flashcards

L6 Flashcards

1
Q

-………is material of no value for the owner and which the owner wants to discard

……….is a waste in a solid state.

A

-Waste

-Solid Waste

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

is a waste with properties that make it dangerous or capable of having a harmful effect on human health and/or the environment.

A

Hazardous Waste

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Hazardous waste properties

A

1-gnitability
2-Corrosivity
3-Reactivity
4-Toxicity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

are wastes that can readily catch fire and sustain combustion.

A

:-Ignitable wastes

1-Liquid wastes; that have a flash point less than 60°C

2-Solid wastes; that, under standard temperature and pressure, can cause fire through friction or spontaneous chemical changes and, when ignited, burn so vigorously

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

can readily corrode or dissolve flesh, metal or other materials

A

:-Corrosive wastes

Example: aqueous wastes with a pH of 2.0 units or below or of 12.5 units or above

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

A solid waste that exhibits any of the following properties is considered a hazardous waste due to its……………..:
 Forms an explosive mixture with water
 Generates toxic gases when mixed with water
 Contains cyanide or sulfide and generates toxic gases at a pH of between 2 and 12.5

A

:-reactivity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

A waste exhibits the characteristic of toxicity if using the Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP), the extract from a representative sample of the waste contains any of the contaminants listed at the concentration equal to or greater than the respective value given in the attached table 1 in blackboard content

A

:-Toxicity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Identification of hazardous waste (MWAN, KSA)

A waste is hazardous if:

A
  1. It is included in the Hazardous Waste List (attached in blackboard)
  2. It contains one of the hazardous listed constituents (attached in blackboard)
  3. It displays one of the hazardous properties
  4. The waste is a mix of hazardous and nonhazardous materials
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

This involves collection, transportation, storage and disposal of hazardous wastes in an environmentally sound manner, such as landfill designed for hazardous waste

A

Hazardous Waste Management

It includes:
-Generation
-Transportation
-Storage
-Treatment and final disposal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

The Manifest “Cradle to Grave” Hazardous Waste Tracking document links together

A

Manifest Tracking Document

 Hazardous Waste Generator,
 Transporters,
 Storage facilities,
 Treatment plants,
 Disposal sites,
 Regulatory body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

 Determination whether wastes are hazardous or Non-hazardous

 Label with the word “hazardous waste” on the container used for collection

 Mark accumulation start date on the container used for storage of hazardous waste

 When it becomes full, containers must be moved to storage area within three days

 Inspect the storage tanks

 Training the responsible staff

 Use the permitted transporter for off-site shipment to permitted disposable facilities.

A

Responsibilities of hazardous waste generator

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

 Must be in good condition and clean

 Must always be closed, except when wastes are added or removed.

 Compatibility of the waste with the container (i.e.,
corrosive wastes should not be stored in metal containers) must be ensured.

 Waste containers must be filled to not more than 90 percent of the rated capacity of the container.

 Containers holding ignitable or reactive waste must be located at least 15 m from the facility property line

A

Storage container

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

is any method, technique, or process designed
to physically, chemically, or biologically change the nature of a hazardous waste

A

Treatment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

HAZARDOUS WASTE TREATMENT METHODS:

A

 Activated Carbon Adsorption
 Neutralization
 Precipitation
 Oxidation and Reduction
 Biological Treatment
 Thermal Treatment (incineration)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

-is the attachment of hazardous
constituents in aqueous solutions onto the
surface of adsorbent

-The carbon is highly porous materials with
large surface area

A

Activated Carbon Adsorption

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Organic and metals substances may be
removed from aqueous or gaseous waste
streams by adsorption of the chemical
substances onto activated carbon

A

Activated Carbon Adsorption

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

is a widely used chemical process in which the pH of an acidic, corrosive, or caustic wastewater is adjusted to a more neutral range.

A

Neutralization

18
Q

 Adding appropriate amounts of strong or weak base to the waste
 Passing acidic waste through limestone beds
 Mixing the acidic waste with a compatible alkaline waste

A

Methods of neutralizing acidic wastes

19
Q

 Adding appropriate amounts of strong or weak acid to the waste
 Adding compressed carbon dioxide gas to the waste
 Mixing the alkaline waste with acidic waste

A

Methods of neutralizing alkaline wastes

20
Q

The reaction governing precipitation of metal
ions can be presented by the equation below,
M+2 + 2(OH–) → M(OH)2

A

Precipitation

21
Q

sodium hydroxide or calcium hydroxide can be used
to treat liquid wastes containing heavy metals

A

Precipitation

22
Q

Examples for oxidation and reduction treatment of
hazardous waste

A

 Cyanide is initially oxidized to a less toxic cyanate
and then to carbon dioxide and nitrogen with oxidation by chlorine

 Hydroxide precipitation of hexavalent chromium
cannot be achieved without first being reduced to
trivalent chromium. The Cr+3 can then be precipitated as chromic hydroxide.

23
Q

Organic waste constituents may be transformed, removed, or converted to inorganic byproducts using aerobic, anaerobic, (or both) microorganisms

A

Biological Treatment

24
Q

treatment of industrial wastewaters is generally used for removal of organic pollutants from wastewater

A

Biological treatment

25
Q

It is the thermal oxidation of organic matter into carbon dioxide, water and inert ash.

Organic compounds can be destroyed by well-designed and properly operated high temperature processes

A

Thermal Treatment
(incineration)

Temperature in excess of 1200 0C is
required to achieve such efficiency

26
Q

is placing of any solid or hazardous waste on the land (Landfills)

A

Disposal

27
Q

were developed for the disposal of municipal refuse

A

Landfills

Most sanitary landfills do not accept hazardous wastes

28
Q

Secure landfills for hazardous waste disposal
are now equipped with

A

✓ Double liners,
✓ Storm water control
✓ Leachate monitoring and collection, and
✓ Groundwater monitoring systems

29
Q

is either solid or liquid hazardous substances mixed with soil

A

Soil contamination

30
Q

Usually, contaminants in the soil are physically or chemically attached to soil particles OR trapped in the small spaces between soil particles.

A

SOIL CONTAMINATION

31
Q

Sources of soil contamination

A
  • Hazardous substances spill or disposal
  • Deposition or fall out of air pollutants
  • Water containing hazardous wastes
32
Q

Soil contaminates can reach human body through
different ways:-
 Direct ingestion of soil
 Inhalation of soil particles
 Water contamination with soil contaminants or naturally occurring components
 Consumption of plants growing in contaminated field

A

Public health aspects of soil

33
Q

Soil contaminates can reach human body through
different ways:

A

 Direct ingestion of soil
 Inhalation of soil particles
 Water contamination with soil contaminants or
naturally occurring components
 Consumption of plants growing in contaminated field

34
Q

Nitrite
 Sources:
 Health effect:

A

Nitrite
 Sources: fertilizers
 Health effect: NO2- oxidizes the Fe (II) to Fe (III) producing methemoglobin which interfere with transportation of oxygen in the blood leading to condition called blue babies

35
Q

Important contaminants

A

-Nitrite
-Fluoride
-Arsenic
-Selenium, cesium

36
Q

characterized by mottled teeth and bone abnormalities

A

Fluoride causes Fluorosis

37
Q

causes skin and internal cancer

A

Arsenic

38
Q

Correlation was found between …………………… and cancer of bone, breast, gastrointestinal tract and bronchial cancers

A

selenium, cesium

39
Q

Treatment of contaminated soil

A

 Flushing contaminants out of the soil using water or air

 Destroying the contaminants by incineration

 Encouraging natural organisms in the soil to break them down (bioremediation)

40
Q
A

env (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions