L5 Pulmonary Pharmacology

Question 1

Why should someone with Asthma not be given NSAIDS

Answer 1

because the NSAIDS would induce an asthmatic attack due to the stimulation of the lipooxygense pathway

Question 2

What classification of frugs are used to treat inflammation related to Asthma

Answer 2

• Beta Agonist
  -Muscurinic Antagonist
  -leukotriene antagonist
  -theophylline

Question 3

MOA of Beta Agoinst to treat Asthma

Answer 3

When Beta Agonist is administered and binds to the heptahelical g protein receptor, adenyl cyclase increase ATP to cAMP conversion, cAMP causes bronchodilation(relaxation)

Question 4

B2 Adrenergic Agonists Inhaled to treat Asthma

Answer 4

albuterol
levalbuterol
Indacaterol “ultra LABA= long lasting”- used to treat COPD

Question 5

Beta 2 agonist side effects

Answer 5

 Muscle tremor (direct effect on skeletal muscle B2)
 Tachycardia (direct effect on atrial B2 receptors
 Hypokalemia (direct B2 effect on skeletal muscle uptake of K)
 Retlessness
 Hypoxemia
 Metabolic effects

Question 6

Bronchodilators: Xanthine Derivatives

Answer 6

aminophylline
theophylline

Question 7

Bronchodilators: Xanthine Derivatives Side Effects

Answer 7

Nausea, vomiting, anorexia
 Gastroesophageal reflux during sleep
 Sinus tachycardia, extrasystole, palpitations, ventricular dysrhythmias
 Hypotension
 Seizures
 Transient increased urination
 Side effects occur when serum Theophylline level is >15 mg/L

Question 8

Anticholinergics- Used to treat Asthma

Answer 8

Anticholinergics bind to the ACh receptors, preventing ACh from binding.

Question 9

Anticholinergics drug-

Answer 9

Ipratropium
 Use as inhaler or nebulizer
 Used to prevent bronchoconstriction

Question 10

Anticholinergics: Side Effects

Answer 10

Bitter taste upon inhalation dryness of mouth 10-15% urinary retention in elderly glaucoma possibility
well tolerated due to reduced systemic absorption

Question 11

Antileukotrienes- used to treat Asthma

Answer 11

blocks the lipooxygenase pathway.
-when NSAIDS are administered to patient with Asthma, the cyclooxygenase pathway is blocked which stimulates the lipooxygense pathway, triggering an acute asthma attack.

Question 12

Drug that blocks 5- lipooxygenase

Answer 12

Zileuton

Question 13

Drugs that block CycLT1 receptor

Answer 13

Montelukast
Pranlukast
Zafirlukast

Question 14

Corticosteroids

Answer 14

 Anti-inflammatory
 Used for CHRONIC asthma
Inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) revolutionized treatment of chronic asthma; 1st line therapy

Question 15

Steriods

Answer 15

they work above Arachidonic Acid. They are the most potent and effective anti inflammatory in the body

Question 16

Inhaled Corticosteroids

Answer 16

beclomethasone
triamcinolone
dexamethasone

Question 17

Inhaled Corticosteroids: Side Effects

Answer 17

Pharyngeal irritation  Coughing
 Dry mouth
 Oral fungal infections(because steriods suppresses the immune system so the pateint is at greater risk of infection

Question 18

Systemic steroids Adverse Effect

Answer 18

SE: long term fluid retention, increase appetite, weght gain, osteoporosis, bleeding, hypertension, peptic ulcer disease, diabetes, cataracts, psychosis; increase with age