L4 - role of dosage forms & excipients

Question 1

why are drugs not administered as pure substances?

Answer 1

hard to give same dose if rug used in powder form

Question 2

what is a dosage form?

Answer 2

means by which drug molecules are delivered to sites of action within body

Question 3

why do we need dosage forms?

Answer 3

• accurate dosing
• protection and Shelf-life
• protection from gastric juice
• masking taste and odour
• placement of drugs directly within body tissues
• sustained release medication.
• controlled release medication.
• insertion of drugs into body cavities
• use of desired vehicle for insoluble drugs

Question 4

what is an excipient?

Answer 4

everything other than api

Question 5

what kind of drug cannot be made into a tablet?

Answer 5

poor flow/ compressibility

Question 6

how to fix bad taste?

Answer 6

film coating

Question 7

solid oral dosage forms

Answer 7

• tablet
• excipients include:
• diluents, binders, glints, dry lubricants
• disintegrants
• sweeteners etc

Question 8

requirements of solid dosage form

Answer 8

• stable drug
• bioavialble drug
• uniform drug content
• resistant to disintegration
• pleasant

Question 9

effervescent tablet

Answer 9

uncoated tablets with acid substances + bicarbonates which react with water to form co2.
- rapid dissolution
- lubricant needs to be water soluble
- tablet packaging critical for stability

Question 10

capsules

Answer 10

formulation contained in gelatine or matrix
- masks taste

1. hard shelled
2. soft shelled

Question 11

oral granules

Answer 11

• solid dry aggregates of powder
• placed on tongue, swallowed with water
• some dissolve in water before taking

Question 12

fast dissolving oral delivery formulation

Answer 12

• solid dosage form that dissolves in oral cavity
• no water needed
• orodispersible tablets
• tablet disperses in saliva

Question 13

solutions

Answer 13

clear liquid preparations

Question 14

emulsions

Answer 14

oil in water dispersions

Question 15

suspensions

Answer 15

API in vehicle

Question 16

syrup

Answer 16

conc aq sol of sugar

Question 17

elixer

Answer 17

clear liquid of potent or nauseous drugs

Question 18

linctus

Answer 18

• viscous liquid oral prep
• for coughs
• lots of syrup

Question 19

oral drops

Answer 19

liquid prep

Question 20

ointments

Answer 20

semi solid, viscous, greasy

Question 21

oil in water creams

Answer 21

less greasy

Question 22

water in oil creams

Answer 22

provide oily barrier which reduces water loss from stratum corneum

Question 23

gels

Answer 23

semi solid system where liquid phase is in matrix

Question 24

transdermal patch

Answer 24

controlled release of drug

Question 25

parenteral dosage forms

Answer 25

injection