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Biology of Mammals > L4: Physiology > Flashcards

L4: Physiology Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the derived characteristics of mammals?

A

Hair

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2
Q

What are the shared characteristics of mammals?

A

Endothermy/Homeothermy, Sub-cutaneous fat, circulation and respiration

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3
Q

What are the costs of not thermoregulating?

A

Hypothermia, hyperthermia

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4
Q

Describe ‘hypothermia’.

A

Physiological damage, water loss, circulatory efficiency, structural damage, protein, lipid membranes

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5
Q

Describe ‘hyperthermia’.

A

Enzyme function, lipid membrane, cell damage (freezing)

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6
Q

How do you calculate the energy of homeothermy (VO2)?

A

VO2 = C(Tb-Ta)
C=conductance
Tb=body temperature
Ta=ambient temperature

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7
Q

Why do TNZs vary?

A

Related to mass.
Larger animals: greater thermal intertia, less energy required
Smaller animals: higher energy requirements for cooling and heating

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8
Q

Describe Bergmann’s Rule

A

Body size increases with latitude/temperature. Lower SA:V ratio. Challenged as a rule: reproductive rates, rate of change insufficient

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Biology of Mammals (5 decks)

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