(L4) AMOEBAS I

Question 1

Kingdom:
Subkingdom:
Phylum:
Superclass:
Order:
Family:
Genus:

Answer 1

Protista
Protozoa
Sarcodina
Rhizopoda
Amoebida
Endamoebidae
Entamoeba, Iodamoeba, Endolimax

Question 2

Have small karyosomes near or at the center of the nucleus

Answer 2

ENTAMOEBA

Question 3

Peripheral chromatin granules line the nuclear membrane

Answer 3

ENTAMOEBA

Question 4

Delicate achromatic threads connect the karyosome to the nuclear membrane

Answer 4

ENTAMOEBA

Question 5

Have a relatively large karyosome of irregular shape

Answer 5

ENDOLIMAX

Question 6

Thin layer of peripheral chromatin which is inconspicuous

not clearly seen

Answer 6

ENDOLIMAX

Question 7

Several achromatic threads connect the karyosome to a delicate nuclear membrane

Answer 7

ENDOLIMAX

Question 8

Have a relatively large karyosome 
rich in chromatin (also called an 
endosome) surrounded by a single 
layer of periendosomal granules 
that attach to the karyosome and 
nuclear membrane by radiating 
achromatic threads

Answer 8

IODAMOEBA

Question 9

IODAMEOBA:

Have a relatively large karyosome 
rich in chromatin (also called an 
\_\_\_\_\_\_\_) surrounded by a single 
layer of \_\_\_\_\_\_\_ 
that attach to the karyosome and 
nuclear membrane by radiating 
achromatic threads

Answer 9

endosome, periendosomal granules

Question 10

is the only pathogenic amoeba

Answer 10

E. histolytica

Question 11

is the only amoeba found in the oral cavity

Answer 11

E. gingivalis

Question 12

Non-pathogenic Mouth Amoeba

Answer 12

Entamoeba gingivalis

Question 13

Pathogenic Intestinal Amoeba

Answer 13

Entamoeba histolytica

Question 14

→ Contain chromatoidal bars (crystallized ribonuclear proteins)

→ Contain glycogen vacuoles

→ Most have smooth, rounded walls and may have more than 1 nucleus

Answer 14

Amoeba Cyst

Question 15

crystallized ribonuclear proteins

Answer 15

Chromatoidal bars

Question 16

→ Contain bacteria, food
particles, and ingested RBCs

→ Show motility

→ Most trophozoites are
irregular in shape and
uninuclear

Answer 16

Amoeba Trophozoite

Question 17

Entamoeba fall into 3 groups according to the number of nuclei in the mature cyst:

Answer 17

E. polecki - 1 (pigs and monkeys)
E. histolytica - 4
E. coli - 8

Question 18

Entamoeba that has no encysted form

Answer 18

E. gingivalis

Question 19

Entamoeba are natural parasites of the alimentary tract of man, monkeys, and many species of vertebrate and invertebrate hosts except

Answer 19

E. moshkovskii

Question 20

is a free-living amoeba found in polluted water sources

Answer 20

E. moshkovskii

Question 21

Entamoeba are exclusive lumen dwellers, except

Answer 21

E. histolytica

Question 22

can survive in extraintestinal environment

Answer 22

E. histolytica

Question 23

Entamoeba gingivalis is also known as

Answer 23

Atrial Amoeba

Question 24

The first parasitic amoeba of man to be described

Answer 24

Entamoeba gingivalis

Question 25

Exhibit progressive directional movement in freshly made wet mount due to its multiple pseudopodia

Answer 25

Entamoeba gingivalis

Question 26

Entamoeba gingivalis: ``` Motility: Nucleus: Karyosome: Cytoplasm: Inclusions: ```

Answer 26

Motility: pseudopodia may be long and lobose or short and blunt Nucleus: spherical with distinct nuclear membrane lined with closely packed chromatin granules Karyosome: near the center; small and welldefined with delicate achromatic threads extending to the nuclear membrane Cytoplasm: exhibits a definite zone of demarcation between the clear ectoplasm and the more granular endoplasm Inclusions: endoplasm contains numerous food vacuoles containing phagocytized and partly digested leukocytes and epithelial cells, and at times, bacteria and (rarely) RBCs

Question 27

Nuclear fragments of ______ are usually | recognizable in stained specimens which serve to identify Entamoeba gingivalis

Answer 27

leukocytes

Question 28

E. gingivalis: Mode of transmission

Answer 28

oral direct contact like kissing, droplet spray, or eating utensils

Question 29

E. gingivalis: Habitat

Answer 29

Oral cavity, gingival pockets near the base of the tooth

Question 30

E. gingivalis: Prevention

Answer 30

proper care of teeth and gums

Question 31

Infective stage and Diagnostic stage of E. gingivalis

Answer 31

Trophozoite

Question 32

Amoeba that can be demonstrated of trophozoites in material or scrapings removed from the gingival margin of the gums, from between the teeth or dentures, or from the soft tartar of the teeth

Answer 32

E. gingivalis

Question 33

_______ trophozoites may appear larger than E. histolytica or E. dispar

Answer 33

E. coli

Question 34

E. coli Trophozoites ``` Motility: Nucleus: Peripheral chromatin: Karyosome: Cytoplasm: Inclusions: ```

Answer 34

Motility: sluggish, non-directional (due to its broad, short, blunt, and granular pseudopodia) Nucleus: spherical with thick nuclear membrane (the nucleus is not easily visualized; unstained preparation has better visibility than stained ones) Peripheral chromatin: clumped and unevenly arranged on the membrane Karyosome: large, irregularly shaped, eccentrically located Cytoplasm: granular with little to no differentiation into ectoplasm and endoplasm; endoplasm is vacuolated Inclusions: bacteria, yeast, and other debris

Question 35

E. coli cysts: Nuclei Macture cyst: Immature Cyst:

Answer 35

Macture cyst: 8 nuclei | Immature Cyst: 1-4 nuclei

Question 36

Diagnostic and Infective stages of Entamoeba coli:

Answer 36

Mature cysts and trophozoites

Question 36

Diagnostic and Infective stages of Entamoeba coli:

Answer 36

Mature cysts and trophozoites

Question 37

The excystic form is also known as a

Answer 37

metacyst

Question 38

E. coli: The mature trophozoites multiply by binary fission and produce cysts through

Answer 38

encystation

Question 39

E. coli: Mode of transmission

Answer 39

ingestion

Question 40

E. coli Habitat:

Answer 40

lumen of the large intestine (cecum)

Question 41

E. coli Diagnosis

Answer 41

Stool exam: • Diarrheic/dysenteric/liquid → trophozoite • Semi-formed → trophozoite and/or cyst • Formed → cyst

Question 42

- dwarf intestinal slug - One of the smaller non-pathogenic amoeba - Has a worldwide distribution and occurs as commonly as E. coli → Shows more nucleic variation than any other amoeba

Answer 42

Endolimax nana

Question 43

E. nana cyst Nucleus: Mature: Immature:

Answer 43

Mature: 4 nuclei Immature: 1-2 nuclei

Question 44

E. nana Habitat

Answer 44

Lumen of the large intestine (cecum)

Question 45

E. nana Diagnosis:

Answer 45

stool exam

Question 46

Iodamoeba buetschlii are also known as

Answer 46

Iodine Cyst of Wenyon

Question 47

Has a worldwide distribution, but its acquisition rate is not as high as that of E. coli and E. nana

Answer 47

Iodamoeba buetschlii

Question 48

Iodamoeba buetschlii: Mode of transmission

Answer 48

ingestion of food or drink | contaminated with mature cysts

Question 49

Iodamoeba buetschlii: Habitat:

Answer 49

lumen of the large intestine (cecum)

Question 50

Currently, the name ______ is used to designate true pathogens and _________ is used to designate non-pathogens

Answer 50

E. histolytica , E. dispar