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PARASITOLOGY > (L4) AMOEBAS I > Flashcards

(L4) AMOEBAS I Flashcards

1
Q 
Kingdom:
Subkingdom:
Phylum:
Superclass:
Order:
Family:
Genus:
A 
Protista
Protozoa
Sarcodina
Rhizopoda
Amoebida
Endamoebidae
Entamoeba, Iodamoeba, Endolimax
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2
Q

Have small karyosomes near or at the center of the nucleus

A

ENTAMOEBA

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3
Q

Peripheral chromatin granules line the nuclear membrane

A

ENTAMOEBA

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4
Q

Delicate achromatic threads connect the karyosome to the nuclear membrane

A

ENTAMOEBA

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5
Q

Have a relatively large karyosome of irregular shape

A

ENDOLIMAX

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6
Q

Thin layer of peripheral chromatin which is inconspicuous

not clearly seen

A

ENDOLIMAX

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7
Q

Several achromatic threads connect the karyosome to a delicate nuclear membrane

A

ENDOLIMAX

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8
Q 
Have a relatively large karyosome 
rich in chromatin (also called an 
endosome) surrounded by a single 
layer of periendosomal granules 
that attach to the karyosome and 
nuclear membrane by radiating 
achromatic threads
A

IODAMOEBA

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9
Q

IODAMEOBA:

Have a relatively large karyosome 
rich in chromatin (also called an 
\_\_\_\_\_\_\_) surrounded by a single 
layer of \_\_\_\_\_\_\_ 
that attach to the karyosome and 
nuclear membrane by radiating 
achromatic threads
A

endosome, periendosomal granules

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10
Q

is the only pathogenic amoeba

A

E. histolytica

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11
Q

is the only amoeba found in the oral cavity

A

E. gingivalis

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12
Q

Non-pathogenic Mouth Amoeba

A

Entamoeba gingivalis

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13
Q

Pathogenic Intestinal Amoeba

A

Entamoeba histolytica

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14
Q

→ Contain chromatoidal bars (crystallized ribonuclear proteins)

→ Contain glycogen vacuoles

→ Most have smooth, rounded walls and may have more than 1 nucleus

A

Amoeba Cyst

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15
Q

crystallized ribonuclear proteins

A

Chromatoidal bars

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16
Q

→ Contain bacteria, food
particles, and ingested RBCs

→ Show motility

→ Most trophozoites are
irregular in shape and
uninuclear

A

Amoeba Trophozoite

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17
Q

Entamoeba fall into 3 groups according to the number of nuclei in the mature cyst:

A

E. polecki - 1 (pigs and monkeys)
E. histolytica - 4
E. coli - 8

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18
Q

Entamoeba that has no encysted form

A

E. gingivalis

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19
Q

Entamoeba are natural parasites of the alimentary tract of man, monkeys, and many species of vertebrate and invertebrate hosts except

A

E. moshkovskii

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20
Q

is a free-living amoeba found in polluted water sources

A

E. moshkovskii

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21
Q

Entamoeba are exclusive lumen dwellers, except

A

E. histolytica

22
Q

can survive in extraintestinal environment

A

E. histolytica

23
Q

Entamoeba gingivalis is also known as

A

Atrial Amoeba

24
Q

The first parasitic amoeba of man to be described

A

Entamoeba gingivalis

25
Q

Exhibit progressive directional movement in
freshly made wet mount due to its multiple
pseudopodia

A

Entamoeba gingivalis

26
Q

Entamoeba gingivalis:

Motility:
Nucleus:
Karyosome:
Cytoplasm:
Inclusions:
A

Motility: pseudopodia may be long and lobose
or short and blunt

Nucleus: spherical with distinct nuclear membrane lined with closely packed chromatin granules

Karyosome: near the center; small and welldefined with delicate achromatic threads
extending to the nuclear membrane

Cytoplasm: exhibits a definite zone of
demarcation between the clear ectoplasm and the more granular endoplasm

Inclusions: endoplasm contains numerous food vacuoles containing phagocytized and partly digested leukocytes and epithelial cells, and at times, bacteria and (rarely) RBCs

27
Q

Nuclear fragments of ______ are usually

recognizable in stained specimens which serve to identify Entamoeba gingivalis

A

leukocytes

28
Q

E. gingivalis:

Mode of transmission

A

oral direct contact like kissing, droplet spray, or eating utensils

29
Q

E. gingivalis:

Habitat

A

Oral cavity, gingival pockets near the base of the tooth

30
Q

E. gingivalis:

Prevention

A

proper care of teeth and gums

31
Q

Infective stage and Diagnostic stage of E. gingivalis

A

Trophozoite

32
Q

Amoeba that can be demonstrated of trophozoites in material or scrapings removed from the gingival margin of the gums, from between the teeth or dentures, or from the soft tartar of the teeth

A

E. gingivalis

33
Q

_______ trophozoites may appear larger than E. histolytica or E. dispar

A

E. coli

34
Q

E. coli Trophozoites

Motility:
Nucleus:
Peripheral chromatin:
Karyosome:
Cytoplasm:
Inclusions:
A

Motility: sluggish, non-directional (due to its
broad, short, blunt, and granular pseudopodia)

Nucleus: spherical with thick nuclear membrane (the nucleus is not easily visualized; unstained preparation has better visibility than stained ones)

Peripheral chromatin: clumped and unevenly arranged on the membrane

Karyosome: large, irregularly shaped, eccentrically located

Cytoplasm: granular with little to no differentiation into ectoplasm and endoplasm; endoplasm is vacuolated

Inclusions: bacteria, yeast, and other debris

35
Q

E. coli cysts:

Nuclei
Macture cyst:
Immature Cyst:

A

Macture cyst: 8 nuclei

Immature Cyst: 1-4 nuclei

36
Q

Diagnostic and Infective stages of Entamoeba coli:

A

Mature cysts and trophozoites

36
Q

Diagnostic and Infective stages of Entamoeba coli:

A

Mature cysts and trophozoites

37
Q

The excystic form is also known as a

A

metacyst

38
Q

E. coli:

The mature trophozoites multiply by binary fission and produce cysts through

A

encystation

39
Q

E. coli:

Mode of transmission

A

ingestion

40
Q

E. coli

Habitat:

A

lumen of the large intestine (cecum)

41
Q

E. coli

Diagnosis

A

Stool exam:
• Diarrheic/dysenteric/liquid → trophozoite
• Semi-formed → trophozoite and/or cyst
• Formed → cyst

42
Q
  • dwarf intestinal slug
  • One of the smaller non-pathogenic amoeba
  • Has a worldwide distribution and occurs as commonly as E. coli

→ Shows more nucleic variation than any other amoeba

A

Endolimax nana

43
Q

E. nana cyst

Nucleus:

Mature:
Immature:

A

Mature: 4 nuclei
Immature: 1-2 nuclei

44
Q

E. nana

Habitat

A

Lumen of the large intestine (cecum)

45
Q

E. nana

Diagnosis:

A

stool exam

46
Q

Iodamoeba buetschlii are also known as

A

Iodine Cyst of Wenyon

47
Q

Has a worldwide distribution, but its acquisition rate is not as high as that of E. coli and E. nana

A

Iodamoeba buetschlii

48
Q

Iodamoeba buetschlii:

Mode of transmission

A

ingestion of food or drink

contaminated with mature cysts

49
Q

Iodamoeba buetschlii:

Habitat:

A

lumen of the large intestine (cecum)

50
Q

Currently, the name ______ is used to designate true pathogens and _________ is used to designate non-pathogens

A

E. histolytica , E. dispar

PARASITOLOGY (3 decks)

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