L4 Accessory GI Organs

Question 1

What is the classification of the liver

Answer 1

Gland

Question 2

What are the functions of the liver?

Answer 2

1. Albumen synthesis
2. Bile production
3. Clotting factor synthesis
4. Detox
5. Glycogen storage

(Mneumonic: A, B, C, D, G)

Question 3

What are the 2 surfaces of the liver separated by the sharp inferior border?

Answer 3

Diaphragmatic Visceral

Question 4

What are the recesses of the diaphragmatic surface of the liver?

Answer 4

• Subphrenic: separates diaphragmatic from diaphragm
• Hepatorenal: between liver and right kidney/suprarenal gland

Question 5

Describe the visceral surface of the liver

Answer 5

• Covered by visceral peritoneum
• Contacts the: Esophagus Part of stomach, Part of duodenum Gall bladder, Right colic flexor, Transverse colon, Right kidney Right Supra renal gland

Question 6

Name the ligaments of the liver.

Answer 6

Falciform ligament

Hepatoduodenal ligament

Hepatogastric ligament

Anterior and posterior coronary ligaments

Right and left triangular ligaments

Question 7

Define the “bare area” of the liver.

Answer 7

No intervening peritoneum between liver and diaphragm.

(it is in direct contact w/the diaphragm)

Question 8

What are the boundaries of the bare area of the liver? What are their associated structures?

Answer 8

Anterior : anterior coronary ligament

Posterior: posterior coronary ligament

Laterally: coronary ligaments come together to form right &

left triangular ligaments

Question 9

Describe the line of division of the 2 FUNCTIONAL lobes of the liver.

Answer 9

Sagittal plane passing through the gallbladder fossa /inferior vena cava fossa

Question 10

Describe the blood supply to the right and left lobes of the liver.

Answer 10

• Each receives its own branch from the hepatic artery and portal vein.
• Drained of bile by its own hepatic duct (together with the portal triad).

Question 11

What are the structures of the portal triad:

Answer 11

1. Hepatic a.
2. Hepatic portal v.
3. Hepatic bile duct (Enters visceral surface at transverse fissure (Porta hepatis)

Question 12

Define the boundaries of the quadrate lobe of the liver.

Answer 12

Left side: fissure for ligamentum teres Right side: gall bladder fossa.

Question 13

Define the boundaries of the caudate lobe of the liver.

Answer 13

Left side: fissure for the ligamentum venosum Right side: groove for IVC.

Question 14

Describe the location of the fundus (blunt end) of the gallbladder.

Answer 14

inferior border of the liver at the tip of the right 9th costal cartilage

Question 15

Where are the right and left hepatic ducts formed?

Answer 15

liver parenchyma

Question 16

Common hepatic duct is formed by which structures

Answer 16

right & left hepatic ducts

Question 17

Bile duct is formed by the joining of which structures?

Answer 17

Cystic duct & common hepatic duct

Question 18

What are the four parts to the pancreas?

Answer 18

1. head (contains uncinate process)
2. neck (lays over superior mesenteric a. & v.)
3. body
4. tail

Question 19

Name the 2 ducts of the pancreas.

Answer 19

1. Main (joins bile duct in hepatopancreatic ampulla, drains into major duodenal papilla)
2. Accessory (drains head of pancreas)

Question 20

What is often the first sign of pancreatic head cancer?

Answer 20

jaundice

tumor may obstruct the bile duct

Question 21

Name the location of the spleen.

Answer 21

against the diaphragm and rib 9-10 or LUQ

Question 22

Name the ligaments associated with the spleen.

Answer 22

1. gastrosplenic
2. splenorenal

Question 23

The spleen is surrounded by visceral peritoneum except for which region?

Answer 23

The area of hilum on the medial surface of spleen.