L38- Intro to cell signalling Flashcards
how does a cell communicate?
it communicates by sending signals in the form of chemicals
what type of signalling is endocrine and what does it do?
- intercellular signalling
- long distance signalling, released into the blood stream
what type of signalling is paracrine and what does it do?
- intercellular signalling
- short distance signalling, signalling between neighbours
what type of signalling is neuronal and what does it do?
- intercellular signalling
- in which nerve cells send signals over a synapse using neurotransmitters
what type of signalling is contact dependant and what does it do?
- intercellular signalling
- depends on contact with other cell
- cell uses gap junction to send signal
what are the different classes of cell surface receptors?
- Ion channels
- G-protein coupled receptors
- Enzyme-coupled receptors
- Transporters
molecules that bind to receptors are?
ligands
where do receptors receive signals from?
cellular environments
what is an ion-channeled coupled receptor?
a pore in the plasma membrane that regulates signals using ion channels
-FAST
what is a ligand gated receptor?
ion channel that receives signals from extracellular signalling molecules, where a ligand binds and switches the receptor on to open the channel
what is a G-protein-coulped receptor?
type of cell surface receptor protein. have 7 transmembrane domains, detects a ligand coming from extracellular side
how does the G-protein-coupled receptor work?
- the signal molecule binds to the ligand binding domain.
- this activated the GCPCR
- SLOW
what is an enzyme-coupled receptor?
- sit in the plasma membrane
- some parts of it is extrinsic and some intrinsic
how do enzyme-coupled receptors work?
- the signal molecule is brought in in 2s (dimer) to the
- intracellular side is activated
- slower lots of steps
what are the 3 stages of signalling?
- reception
- transduction
- response
