L37: Stomach Flashcards
What are the anatomical boundaries of the abdomen?
Body cavity between the diaphragm and the pelvic inlet (separated from thorax but not from pelvis)
What region of the abdomen is the stomach located in?
Left hypochondriac and epigastric region
What are the four main regions of the stomach?
The cardia, the fundus, the body and the pylorus
Where does the oeseophagus connect to the stomach?
The cardia (or cardiac region)
What is the function of the fundus of the stomach?
Stores gases
Where does the duodenum connect to the stomach?
Pylorus
What feature of the stomach allows for expansion of the organ?
Rugae- series of wall ridges/ folds
What epithelium is present in the stomach?
Columnar (with many secretory cells)
What are the three smooth muscle layers of the stomach?
- Inner- oblique;
- Middle- circular;
- Outer- longitudinal.
What are the 4 main functions of the stomach?
- Store swallowed food;
- Retention of food;
- Mixing of gastric ‘juice’;
- Chemical and mechanical digestion.
There is limited absorption from the stomach, what molecule is an exception to this?
Alcohol
What are the 4 major types of secretory epithelial cells in the stomach?
- Mucus secreting/ surface mucous cells;
- Parietal cells;
- Chief cells;
- Endocrine cells.
How is the lining epithelium of the stomach protected from stress/ strong acid?
Mucus secreting cells, which secrete alkaline, are found across the luminal surface and at the neck of gastric pits
Where are parietal cells found and what are their function?
In gastric pits/ glands (largely in the body of the stomach), secrete HCl and intrinsic factor
Where are chief cells found and what are their function?
In gastric pits/ glands, secrete pepsinogen (the precursor of enzyme pepsin)
