L3: Disease-specific dietary interventions Flashcards

1
Q

Gastroparesis definition

A

Delayed gastric emptying→ N/V, early satiety, postprandial fullness, upper abdominal discomfort

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Lactose intolerance symptoms

A

Bloating, flatulence, diarrhea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Contain gluten:

A

wheat, rye, barley

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Supplements for lactose intolerance

A

Lactaid
Calcium
Vitamin D

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Gastroparesis is a ______

A

Complication of DM→ diabetic autonomic neuropathy→ optimize glycemic control

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Gastroparesis diet

A

Small, frequent, low fat/fiber meals

cooked, blended, pureed foods and liquids better tolerated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

If a patient with gastroparesis has inadequate oral intake…

A

post-pyloric enteral nutrition

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Goal of dietary interventions post gastric bypass

A

Maximize weight loss and maintain health, prevent micronutrient deficiencies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Screen for ______ post gastric bypass, replete if deficient

A

Vitamins A, D, B1, B12, folate, F3, Ca, Zinc

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Dumping syndrome

A

Post gastric bypass: rapid emptying of food into small bowel→ advise frequent meals, separate solids from liquids by 30 minutes, avoid simple sugars

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Goal of dietary interventions for IBS

A

Ensure adequate caloric and protein needs
Avoid processed/refined products +/- lactose
Nutritional deficiencies→ B12, Fe, Calcium, Vit D, Zinc
Oral/enteral/parenteral (if bowel rest needed) nutrition supplementation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Short bowel syndrome

A

Surgical resection or disease of small bowel→ disruption of digestive/absorptive surface capacity→ nutrient malabsorption, diarrhea, dehydration, electrolyte abnormalities

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Dietary interventions for short bowel syndrome

A

Short term parenteral nutrition support
Oral/enteral nutrition support→ helps augment intestinal adaptation
Vits/Minerals→ B12, A, D, E, K, Mg, PO4, Zinc, Ca++
Diet modification

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Diverticulosis

A

Presence of diverticula

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Diverticulitis

A

Inflammation of diverticulum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Severe diverticular disease dietary interventions

A

NPO/clear liquid/low fiber/low residue diet→ advance as tolerated to high fiber diet

17
Q

Prevention of diverticular disease

A

high fiber diet

18
Q

Pancreatitis or pancreatic insufficiency can cause

A

protein and fat malabsorption

19
Q

Pancreatitis or pancreatic insufficiency dietary interventions

A

risk of fat soluble vitamin deficiencies
Dietary fat restriction
+/- pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy

20
Q

Risk of iron deficiency anemia

A
blood loss
celiac
H pylori
Roux-en-Y gastric bypass
PPIs
21
Q

Risk of B12 deficiency anemia

A

Vegan
Roux-en-Y gastric bypass
pernicious anemia
terminal ileum Crohn disease or resection
chronic pancreatitis/pancreatic insufficiency
metformin

22
Q

Diet for ASCVD

A

Mediterranean or DASH

23
Q

Diet for HTN

A

DASH

24
Q

Diet for CHF

A

low Na+ diet, fluid restrict as necessary

25
Q

What percent of a diabetic’s caloric intake should be from carbs?

A

45%

26
Q

Diets for DM

A

DASH, Mediterranean, carb-counting

Certified DM educator, nutrition classes

27
Q

Renal disease causes….

A

Poor excretion→ sodium and fluid retention→ hyperkalemia and hyperphosphatemia

28
Q

Renal disease diets

A

renal trained dietician
DASH diet
Phos binders
Individualize→ protein, Na, K, PO4, Ca intake→ dependent on CKD stage/GFR