L2_WATER SUPPLY EQUIPMENT Flashcards
used whenever the water supply at its natural pressure cannot be directly piped to a building, tank or reservoir
Pumps
3 classes of pumps
a. Lifting water by suction to the level of a pump situated above the source.
b. Raising the water by forcing it to an elevation above a pump situated in the source.
c. Both lifting the water to the pump by suction and in addition forcing the water to an elevation above the pump.
Consist of a piston traveling up and
down within a cylinder
LIFT PUMP
used to deliver water at a point
higher than the position of the
pump itself.
FORCE PUMP
class of pumps in which the piston moves· to and from either horizontally or vertically.
RECIPROCATING PUMP
Types of reciprocating pump
- Power pump
- Direct Acting
• Known as double or single acting
piston pumps. Adapted to all
purposes where the suction lift,
is not over 22 ft. (6. 70 mts) at
sea level.
Horizontal Reciprocating Pumps
for suction lifts of less than 22
feet (6. 70 mts) are composed of
3 vertical cylinders placed side
by side
Vertical Reciprocating Pump
used when the water level of the source is more than 22 feet (6. 70 mts) below the ground
DEEP WELL PLUNGER PUMP
posses moving parts without valves, revolving around an axis and centrifugal action is utilized in delivering the water under pressure
CENTRIFUGAL PUMP
automatic and require no motor since they depend for operation upon water hammer that is the surging back and forth in a pipe when suddenly brought to rest
HYDRAULIC RAMS
e collection of water without consideration
of pressure, or for storing water under air pressure or under a static HEAD for future distribution by pneumatic or gravity means.
TANKS
Materials used for tanks
• wood
• steel
• Galvanized iron (G.I.)
• Reinforced concrete
• polyvinyl chloride(PVC)
vertical distance from the source to the outlet
Head of water
large enough to contain at least one days’ supply for the entire building in
case the City main is temporarily shut off.
Suction Tank
normal water pressure from public water main for low rise buildings.
UPFEED SYSTEM
air pressure from suction tank for tall buildings which cannot be reached by normal water pressure
PNEUMATIC TANK
operates the pump to make up this water when the level has become low enough to actuate the starting switch.
FLOAT VALVE
by gravity from overhead tanks and
are supported either by structural
frames or on the roof decks. Fixtures
are below the gravity Tank.
DOWNFEED SYSTEM
The pipe from the public water main or source of water supply to the building served
HOUSE SERVICE or SERVICE PIPE
vertical supply pipe which extends upward from one floor to the next
RISER
horizontal pipes that serves the faucets or fixtures
BRANCHES
public water system laid underground along
the streets where house service is connected
WATER MAIN
one end is 0.30 and the other end is 0.90 long this prevent the pipe from snapping when the soil settles
GOOSENECK
stop valve placed in a service pipe
close to its connection with a
water main.
CORPORATION COCK
Plastic Pipes
- Polybutylene or PB
- Polyethylene or PE
- Unplasticized Polyvinyl Chloride or uPVC
- Polypropylene Random Copolymer or PPR
used for HOT and COLD in-House
water piping systems.
Polybutylene
Used for service connections, in-house plumbing, distribution mains,
sewer, waste disposal
Polyethylene
mains-used for
waterworks and irrigations
Unplasticized Polyvinyl Chloride
withstand both hot and cold
temperatures without breaking or cracking makes it the best option
for cold and hot water systems.
Polypropylene Random Copolymer
Used for connecting galvanized iron pipe
TEFLON tape
process of circulating hot water to the plumbing fixtures by means of a mechanical device.
Pumping Circuit System
small hot water tank
Range boiler
- large hot water tank.
Storage tank
made of galvanized sheet, steel or capper, built into cylinder shape with concave ends either welded or riveted.
- 0.30 to 0.60 meter in diameter with a length of not more than 1.80 meters.
Range Boiler
made of heavy duty metal sheets with rust proof paint
0.60 to 1.30 meters diameter and its length is up to 5.00 meters long
Storage tank
made out of a Mild Steel
subject to deposits of salts and lime
corroded by alkaline and acid water
when used in hot water line, it deteriorates faster
GALVANIZED IRON (G.I) OR STEEL PIPE
Two types Plastic or Synthetic Pipe
a. Rigid type
b. Flexible type
durable and is conveniently installed in most of the plumbing needs in building which are less than 25 storey high because water usually leaks at joints due to vibration
CAST IRON PIPE
Type of cast iron pipe for building installations
SV
Type of cast iron pipe for underground installations this are extra heavy.
XV
Made of an alloy of cast iron and silicon. It is commonly installed in chemical laboratories where acid waste are being discharged.
Acid Resistant Cast Iron Pipe
made of asbestos fibers and portland cement. The thickness is twice that of standard cast iron. Most suited for embedment on concrete structures.
Asbestos Pipe
Cheapest light in weight, recommended for house sewer and septic tank installation. It could take slight soil movement without danger of cracking or pulling out of its joint.
Bituminous Fiber Sewer Pipe
made from clay and with a length of 0.75 meter treated with glazed compound. This is highly resistant to most acids and is well suited in underground installations working either as public or house sewer or
storm in drain. Being made of clay. The physical property of this pipe is brittle. It easily cracks when laid on unstable ground or base
Vitrified Clay Pipe
oldest plumbing materials. Lead is highly resistant and is very suitable to underground installation. But because it is poisonous
and injurious to human health, it is never recommended to convey
water for human consumption
Lead Pipe
better than steel pipe for plumbing installation, because it is more resistant. to acid waste than the steel pipe
Galvanized Wrought Iron Pipes
most expensive of all types of pipe. Made of an alloy of zinc and
copper mixed at a proportion of 15% and 85% respectively. The brass
pipe is a superior material for waste and water installation because of
its smooth surface aside from its high resistance to acids.
Brass Pipes
A durable material which is extremely corrosive resistant-easiest to install.
Copper pipe
