Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Musculoskeletal Block > L24-Infections of the soft tissues and musculoskeletal system > Flashcards

L24-Infections of the soft tissues and musculoskeletal system Flashcards

1
Q

What are the defence at the skin

A

Normal integrity of the skin
Rapid cell turnover
Normal flora of the skin
Antimicrobial effect of the lipid layer (sebum-derived) of normal skin (pH 5.5)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the pathogens in Dermatophytosis

A

Dermatophytic fungus: Trichophyton spp., Microsporum spp., Epidermophyton floccosum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

How is Dermatophytosis diagnosed

A

KOH wet mount, fungal culture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the treatment for dermatophytosis

A

topical +/- systemic antifungal agents

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is paronychia

A

Superficial infection of the nail fold (usually because of long time exposure to water)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the cause of acute paronychia

A

Staphylococcus aureus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the cause of chronic paronychia

A

Candida spp., especially Candida albicans

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is pyoderma and what are the two common types of pyoderma

A

Pus in the skin

Impetigo, folliculitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the infection which occur in children and the spread is facilitated by overcrowding and poor hygiene

A

Impetigo

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are the pathogens that cause Impetigo?

A

Strep pyogenes, Staph aureus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the site of infection of folliculitis

A

Abscess formation around hair follicles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the pathogen of folliculitis

A

Staph aureus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the infection which occur at the back region of elderly, diabetic, or immunocompromised patients

A

Carbuncles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Name the two types of abscesses infection of skin

A

Furuncles

Carbuncles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What might furuncle complicate

A

Folliculitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the predisposing factor for cellulitis

A

Perceded by trauma or an underlying skin lesion

17
Q

What is the speed of spreading of cellulitis

A

Acute spreading infection

18
Q

What are the causative agents of cellulitis

A

beta haemolytic streptococci, especially streptococcus pyogenes

19
Q

What is the subtype of cellulits which present symptoms of very painful, red lesions with distinct border and spreads rapidly; nowadays affect lower limbs more often

A

Erysipelas

20
Q

What is the treatment of pyoderma, cellulitis and erysipelas

A

Beta lactam antibiotics

21
Q

What is the tissue level involvement of necrotizing soft tissue infections

A

Multiple tissue levels (dermis, subcutaneous fat, deep fascia)

22
Q

What is the first type of causative agent of necrotising fascittis

A

Type 1: anaerobic bacteria (e.g. Bacteroides, Clostridium)+ facultative anaerobes (e.g. streptococci, Enterobacteriaceae) Classically occur after intra-abdominal or pelvic surgery before the day days of peri-operative antibiotics prophylaxis. Many arise de novo in perineal area; Fournier’s gangrene

23
Q

What is the second type of casuative agent of necrotising fasciitis

A

Streptococcus pyogenes and staph aureus

24
Q

What is the third type of causative agent of necrotising fasciitis

A

Vibrio spp., occurs after exposure to water or consumption of seafood containing the pathogens

25
Q

What is the classical presentation of necrotising fasciitis

A

skin becomes cyanotic and finally dusky and black

26
Q

What is the causative agent of clostridial myonecrosis

A

Clostridium perfringens

27
Q

What is the pathogenesis of clostridial myonecrosis

A

1) muscle injury and contamination with soil or other foreign material containing spores of Clostridium perfringens
2) coagulative necrosis of muscle fibers

28
Q

What is the classical presentation of clostridial myonecrosis

A

serosanguineous discharge, foul odour of the wound

29
Q

What is the antibiotic treatment for clostridial myonecrosis

A

penicillin, clindamycin, or metronidazole

30
Q

What indicates a wound infection?

A

Purulent drainage (pus) from the incision
Pain, tenderness, localized swelling, redness, dehiscence of wound
Organisms isolated from an aseptiically obrained culture of tissue or fluid from the wound
Gram smwear of the wound tissue

31
Q

What are the four wound classes

A

Clean
Clean contaminated
Contaminated
dirty

32
Q

What are the causative agent of surgical wound infection on skin (brain surgery)

A

Staph aureus

Strep spp

33
Q

What are the causative agent of surgical wound infection after an intestinal surgery (abdominal surgery)

A

E coli,
Enterobacter
Proteus
Klebsiella

34
Q

What are the two routes of spread of acute osteomelitis

A

Haematogenous osteomyelitis

Contiguous focus osteomyelitis

35
Q

What are the possible cause of prosthesis-related infection

A

Pathogens are usually introduced during operation or from post-operative wound infection
Haematogenous spread

Musculoskeletal Block (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions