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Anatomy > L23- Urinary system > Flashcards

L23- Urinary system Flashcards

1
Q

What cavities contain the urinary system

A

Both abdominal & pelvic cavities

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2
Q

What are the 4 major components of the urinary system

A

Kidneys, ureters, bladder, urethra

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3
Q

What quadrants are the kidneys located in & between which vertebrae

A

Upper left and right quadrants, between T12-L3

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4
Q

Why is the right kidney slightly lower than the left kidney

A

Due to the large amount of space the liver occupies in the RUQ

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5
Q

Where is the kidney located compared to the peritoneum

A

Retroperitoneal

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6
Q

Posterior to the kidneys are which 2 muscles

A

Psoas major, quadratus lumborum

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7
Q

Identify the peritoneum, psoas major, quadratus lumborum

A
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8
Q

Which ribs are located posterior to the left and right kidneys

A

Ribs 11/12 (floating ribs)

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9
Q

What 2 things are the kidneys directly surrounded by

A

Perinephric fat, renal fascia

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10
Q

Identify the perinephric fat & renal fascia

A
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11
Q

Identify perirenal fat capsule, renal fibrous capsule, renal fascia posterior/ anterior layers

A
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12
Q

What is the entry/ exit of the kidney called

A

Hilum

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13
Q

Identify all arrows

A
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14
Q

The renal columns break the renal medulla into what

A

Renal pyramids

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15
Q

Where does filtration start

A

Renal cortex

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16
Q

What is this

A

Renal pyramid/ medulla

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17
Q

Identify arrows

A
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18
Q

Where does the urine enter the conduction system

A

Renal papilla

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19
Q

Each papilla drains into what

A

Minor calyx

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20
Q

2 or more minor calyces drain into what

A

Major calyx

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21
Q

All major calyces drain into what

A

Renal pelvis

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22
Q

Renal pelvis becomes what

A

The ureter

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23
Q

What is the flow of urine

A

Renal cortex–> renal medulla–> renal papilla–> minor calyces–> major calyces–> renal pelvis–> ureter

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24
Q

Identify arrows

A
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25
Q

Identify arrows

A
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26
Q

Which renal artery is longer

A

Right renal artery

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27
Q

Right renal artery passes posteriorly to what

A

Inferior vena cava

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28
Q

During development the kidneys develop in the ______ region then ascend

A

Caudal (tail-like region)

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29
Q

What are accessory/ supernumerary renal arteries from

A

During developmental ascent when the lower arteries don’t degenerate

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30
Q

Gonads develop where then do what

A

Develop higher up then descend

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31
Q

Which renal vein is longer

A

Left renal vein

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32
Q

The left renal vein passes under what

A

Celiac trunk

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33
Q

What hangs over the left renal vein

A

Superior mesenteric

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34
Q

Right gonadal vein drains into what

A

Inferior vena cava

35
Q

Left gonadal vein drains into what

A

Left renal vein

36
Q

What is nutcracker syndrome

A

Superior mesenteric artery compressing the left renal vein against the aorta

37
Q

The ureters are where compared to the peritoneal cavity

A

Retroperitoneal (like kidneys)

38
Q

The ureters descend through the ______ cavity into the _____ cavity

A

Abdominal cavity, pelvic cavity

39
Q

Identify arrows

40
Q

The ductus (vas) deferens crosses over what

41
Q

Identify arrows

42
Q

In females the uterine artery & vein pass over what

43
Q

Identify arrows

44
Q

What are the 3 constrictions of the ureters that kidney stones commonly get lodged

A

1- Ureteropelvic junction
2- Pelvic inlet
3- Entrance to bladder

45
Q

Identify arrows

46
Q

Identify bolded lines

47
Q

The median umbilical ligament does what

A

Anchors bladder

48
Q

What is the posterior border of the bladder called

49
Q

The bladder is in _____ cavity & can extend into ______ cavity when full

A

Pelvic, abdominal

50
Q

Identify arrows

51
Q

The pelvic cavity is below what

A

The peritoneum

52
Q

Identify arrows

53
Q

The superior portion of the bladder is called _____ & contains _______

A

Trigone, receptors for sensing when bladder is full

54
Q

Identify arrows

55
Q

Identify arrows

56
Q

The uterus is associated with ______ anteriorly and with ______ posteriorly

A

Pubic symphysis, vagina

57
Q

Identify arrows

58
Q

What are the 2 arteries that connect to the bladder in a male

A

Superior & inferior vesicular

59
Q

What are the 2 arteries in the female bladder area

A

Superior vesicular artery & vaginal artery

60
Q

What transmits urine from the internal urethral orifice to the external urethral orifice

61
Q

Is the internal urethral sphincter voluntary or involuntary?

A

Involuntary (autonomic control)

62
Q

Is the external urethral sphincter voluntary or involuntary?

63
Q

Identify arrows

64
Q

Identify whats blacked out (female)

65
Q

Identify arrows

66
Q

Identify arrows

67
Q

Identify boxes

68
Q

Identify arrows

69
Q

Identify arrows

70
Q

Identify arrows

71
Q

Identify box

72
Q

What is the homologous area of the uterus/ vagina in males

A

Prostatic utricle

73
Q

Identify boxes

74
Q

What is the longest part of the urethra in males

A

Spongy part of urethra

75
Q

Identify arrows

76
Q

What are the major erectile tissues in males

A

Corpora cavernosa

77
Q

What is the male equivalent of the glans clitorus

A

Glans penis

78
Q

In males- what 3 arteries supply the urethra with blood

A

Inferior vesicular, middle rectal, internal pudendal arteries

79
Q

In females- what 2 arteries supply the the urethra with blood

A

Vaginal artery, internal pudendal arteries

80
Q

What artery branches off aorta to supply the gonads (testes and ovaries) with blood

A

Gonadal arteries

81
Q

What is the blood flow to the bladder

A

Abdominal aorta—> common iliac—> internal iliac

82
Q

What are the 4 arteries that supply parts of the urethra

A

Renal, gonadal, aorta, common iliac, internal iliac

83
Q

What is the pathway of urine flow to the bladder

A

Cortex—> pyramids of renal medulla—>renal papilla—>minor calyces—>major calyces —> renal pelvis—> ureters—> bladder

Anatomy (4 decks)

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