L21 Demographic measures and population health

Question 1

What is population structure?

Answer 1

The populations sorted by age and sex

Question 2

What is population composition?

Answer 2

The populations sorted by attributes other than age and sex e.g. ethnicity

Question 3

What is a population pyramid?

Answer 3

Graph acting as a visual representation of population structure

Question 4

What are the main population data sources in NZ?

Answer 4

Census 
IDI
HSU 
ERP 
Vital events

Question 5

What is census?

Answer 5

A nationwide survey occuring every 5 years

Question 6

What is ERP?

Answer 6

Estimated resident population - estimate of number of people living in NZ at a given date

Question 7

What is vital events?

Answer 7

Data on births, deaths and marriages managed by department of internal affairs

Question 8

What is HSU?

Answer 8

Health service utilisation and outcomes - ministry of health record people who interact with health system

Question 9

What is IDI?

Answer 9

The integrated data infrastructure - combination of multiple government data sets

de-identified
requires interaction with health,education,tax,police,social development,ACC services

Question 10

What are advantages of using IDI?

Answer 10

The data is de-identified, linkable and accessed safely

Question 11

What are some factors to consider when collecting data?

Answer 11

Ethics and data privacy
Purpose of data collection vs use in analysis (may not match)
Population vs samples of population
Are the participants representative of NZ population
Objective vs subjective measures of health

Question 12

How do events determine population structure?

Answer 12

Changes in fertility, migration and mortality events will affect age-sex structure

Question 13

how does population structure determine events?

Answer 13

Aging population will have increased mortality for example

Question 14

What is a dependency ratio?

Answer 14

Proportion of children (aged 1-14) and elderly (aged 65+) who depend on the working (15-64) population

Question 15

What are the types of ethnic coding in NZ?

Answer 15

Total response and prioritised response

Question 16

What is a prioritised output?

Answer 16

A person is counted for based on a single ethnicity based on a list of priority set by the government

Question 17

What are advantages of prioritised output?

Answer 17

Ensure groups that are in need of policy importance or small sized are not swamped out by NZ european ethnic group

Data is easy to interpret as each individual only counted once

Question 18

What are disadvantages of prioritised output?

Answer 18

Leads to over-representation of some groups = under representation of other groups

Does not align with concept of self-identification (one can consider themselves to belong to multiple ethinicities)

Question 19

What is a total response output?

Answer 19

A person is counted for all ethnicities they choose to identify with

Question 20

What are advantages of total response output?

Answer 20

Will not lead to any under representation

Question 21

What are disadvantages of total response output?

Answer 21

Hard to interpret as one person is counted in multiple ethnic groups

Funding based on population numbers in ethnic groups becomes complex

Question 22

What are the types of ageing?

Answer 22

Numerical ageing

Structural ageing

Question 23

What is numerical ageing?

Answer 23

The absolute increase in the number of elderly

Question 24

What is structural ageing?

Answer 24

The increase in the proportion of elderly people

Question 25

What are the impacts of ageing on the populatioin?

Answer 25

Natural decline of population

Absolute decline of population

Question 26

What is natural decline of population?

Answer 26

Occurs when there are more deaths than births in a population

Question 27

What is absolute decline of the population?

Answer 27

Occurs when the loss in people due to more deaths than births is not filled up by migrants