L13 Framing the determinants of population health Flashcards

1
Q

What are the steps to the public health framework?

A

Define the problem
Identify risk and protective factors
Develop and test prevention strategies
Assure widespread adoption

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2
Q

What is a ‘cause’ for an individual regarding health?

A

any event, characteristic or other definable entity, that brings about a change for better or worse in health

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3
Q

What is a ‘cause’ for populations regarding health?

A

any event, characteristic or other definable entity, that brings about a change for better or worse in health - often the causes differ from the individual as the context of which the population exists is often the determinant

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4
Q

What are downstream interventions?

A

Interventions occurring at the micro level including treatment systems and disease management

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5
Q

What are upstream interventions?

A

Interventions operating at the macro level such as government policies and international trade agreements

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6
Q

What is a proximal determinant?

A

A determinant of health that is proximate or near to the change in health status - directly associated with the change in health status (diet to obesity)

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7
Q

What is a distal determinant?

A

A determinant of health that is either distant in time and/or place from the change in health status (upstream factors like political decision)

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8
Q

What is the Dahlgren and whitehead model?

A

A level by level structure showing the determinants of health changes in a population - helps one to identify risk or protective factors

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9
Q

What is level 1 of the Dahlgren and Whitehead model?

A

The individual:

Age, sex, and constitutional factors - factors that are non-modifiable determinants (genes and biology)

Lifestyle factors - food, exercise, risky behaviors

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10
Q

What is level 2 of the Dahlgren and Whitehead model?

A

The community:

Social and community networks - families and friends in determining ones normative behaviours

Living and working conditions

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11
Q

What is level 3 of the Dahlgren and Whitehead model?

A

The environment:

General socioeconomic, cultural and environmental conditions
examples include
physical environment - water quality
built environment - building, infrastructure
cultural environment - values, beliefs
biological environment - disease and toxins
the ecosystem - climate change and biodiversity
political environment - government priority to health

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12
Q

What is structure in population health?

A

Social and physical environmental conditions (determinants) that influence choices and opportunities available

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13
Q

What is agency in population health?

A

The capacity of an individual to act independently and make free choices

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