L2 - Perception

Question 1

Define Sensation

Answer 1

Detection of simple properties of stimuli

Question 2

Define Perception

Answer 2

Detection of objects and their location
How we interpret something

Question 3

What are the two types of codes?

Answer 3

Anatomical: position of neurone
Temporal: no of action potentials in a specific place

Question 3

What are Monocular & Binocular cues?

Answer 3

M: If one object is placed in front of another, obscuring it, we can tell which one is closer, Also called interposition
B: Visual fields of both eyes overlap

Question 4

What is Linear Perspective?

Answer 4

Parallel lines that recede appear to converge at a point

Question 5

What is Texture a cue for?

Answer 5

Coarser = closer
Finer = distant

Question 6

What is Shading a cue for?

Answer 6

3D shapes

Question 7

What is Elevation a cue for?

Answer 7

Closer to horizon = further

Question 8

What is Haze a cue for?

Answer 8

Hazier = further

Question 9

What is the Size-weight illusion?

Answer 9

Two objects of equal weight, the smaller will be perceived as heavier

Question 10

What is Brightness constancy?

Answer 10

People judging the whiteness/greyness of an object very well even if illumination changes.

Question 11

What is Form Constancy?

Answer 11

Unchanging perception of an objects size/shape when it moves relative to us

Question 12

What does Ames Window try to do?

Answer 12

Show Shape Constancy

Question 13

What is the moon illusion? What does it show?

Answer 13

• The moon looks bigger at the horizon than it does elsewhere.
• Depth illusion
• Shows perceptual constancy
• Perceived size depends on perceived distance and size of nearby objects
• Small stimuli far away are large objects
• Large stimuli close by are small objects

Question 14

What are illusions?

Answer 14

Interpreting of confusing sensory signals

Question 15

How are basic features perceived?

Answer 15

Through context of shapes and your experience

Question 16

Describe Lotto’s cubes

Answer 16

Colour depends on perceived lighting, shape and shadows

Question 17

How do you perceive white?

Answer 17

Same wavelength in all cones

Question 18

How do you perceive blue?

Answer 18

Short cone has more activity than others

Question 19

How do you perceive yellow?

Answer 19

Short cone has least activity than others

Question 20

How do you perceive green?

Answer 20

Medium cone has most activity

Question 21

How do you perceive red?

Answer 21

Longest cone has most activity

Question 22

What do Van Lier stars show?

Answer 22

• After image
• Filling in shape when you look at dot, not when you look at shape
• Only see one after effect at a time, black lines must move them

Question 23

Why do the colours change?

Answer 23

• The perceived colour has a cone that is most active
• This activity drops after looking at the colour for a while
• When switching to white, it takes time for it to reconfigure so looks like a different colour

Question 24

What is a filling in effect?

Answer 24

Brain fills things in a bigger picture

Question 25

What is the face illusion?

Answer 25

• You compare normal faces to distinguish one. You don’t look at individual features
• Shows expertise effect, where upside down faces look normal
• When comparing faces, it makes them uglier, e.g looking at a small forehead and then someone with a normal forehead, it will look massive.