L2 (Math): Logic and Reasoning

Question 1

______ is the foundation on which Math is built.

Answer 1

Logic

Question 2

Definition of Logic

Answer 2

The study of correct processes of thinking or reasoning

Question 3

What are not mathematical statements?

Answer 3

• statements with unclear truth values
• opinions
• questions
• exclamations
• imperatives
• value-judgment statements

Question 4

What is the symbol for conjunction called?

Answer 4

wedge

Question 5

What is the symbol for disjunction called?

Answer 5

vee

Question 6

What is the symbol for negation called?

Answer 6

tilde

Question 7

All of the operations on mathematical statements are binary operations except for?

Answer 7

Negation

Question 8

If a conditional statement is materially true, it is called?

Answer 8

an implication

Question 9

If a biconditional statement is materially true, it is called?

Answer 9

an equivalence

Question 10

A fallacy that attacks the opponent’s character

Answer 10

Ad Hominem

Question 11

An argument that is assumed to be valid since many people believe it

Answer 11

Ad Populum

Question 12

Argument that is claimed to be valid because of a famous person (not an expert) supports it

Answer 12

Appeal to Authority

Question 13

A fallacy that correlates two unrelated events

Answer 13

False Cause

Question 14

A generalization is made based on a few examples supporting the claim

Answer 14

Hasty Generalization

Question 15

A logical reasoning from a general statement to a specific instance

Answer 15

Deductive Reasoning

Question 16

A logical reasoning that is not always valid, and uses specific instances to make general statements

Answer 16

Inductive Reasoning