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IS > L2- Basic immunology > Flashcards

L2- Basic immunology Flashcards

1
Q

Latin “Immunis” or Immunity

A

Free of Taxes or Burden or Changes

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2
Q

Capacity to recognize what is Self or Non-Self; involving Cell Surface Molecules that are protein in nature

A

Immunity

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3
Q

Protection against environmental agents like:

A

Microorganisms and products, food, chemicals, drugs, pollen, animal hair and dander

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4
Q

Types of Natural Immunity

A

Species, Racial, Individual

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5
Q

Innate, nonsoecific, nonadaptive
(Body surfaces, Internal like mucous membrane and cough reflex, cells, phagocytes)
Enhance effectiveness of host reactions

A

Natural Immunity

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6
Q

Specific, adaptive

A

Acquired immunity

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7
Q

Ability to respond to prev unseen molecules

A

Adaptiveness

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8
Q

Distinction and recognition of foreign antigen is conferred by

A

Lymphocytes (has surface receptors)

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9
Q

Physical barriers of innate

A

Skin and mucous membranes

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10
Q

Soluble factors of adaptive

A

Antibodies, lymphokines

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11
Q

Vaccines

A

Acquired immunity (actively required-artificial)

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12
Q

Placental transfer of antibodies via colostrums of milk (IgG crossed and provide protection)

A

Acquired-passive-natural

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13
Q

Antibody present in the colostrums or milk

A

IgA

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14
Q

Preformed antibodies, immunocompetent cells and lymphokines

A

Acquired-passive-artificial

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15
Q

Components of IS involved in active and passive

A

Humoral and Cellular

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16
Q

Toxoid and antitoxin against

A

Diphtheria and tetanus

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17
Q

Oral polio vaccine (Sabin), Bacillus of Calmette and Guerin (BCG), Measles, Mumps and Rubella (MMR)

A

Attenuated organisms

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18
Q

Parenteral (Salk), Rabies (duck or goat embryo), Japanese B encephalitis and Influenza virus

A

Killed organisms

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19
Q

Tetanus and diphtheria

A

Toxoids

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20
Q

Tetanus + Diphtheria

A

DPT (Bordetella pertussis bacilli)

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21
Q

Hepatitis vaccine

A

Recombinant

22
Q

Greater purity

A

Synthetic peptide vaccines

23
Q

Antigenic determinant

A

Epitope

24
Q

Part of antibody that combines with epitope

A

Idiotope

25
Q

Immunocompetent cells to immunodeficient

A

Adoptive immunity

26
Q

Family of glycoproteins which inhibit viral replication and cell proliferation; enhances NK cells

A

Y-Interferon

27
Q

2 forms of transfer factor

A

Antigen Specific and Non-specific (healthy)

28
Q

Hypofunction
Hyperfunction

A

Increased susceptibility
Allergy or hypersensitivity

29
Q

Removal of worn out cells

A

Homeostasis

30
Q

Hyperactivity result to

A

Autoimmune disease

31
Q

Recognition and removal of abnormal or mutant cells

A

Surveillance

32
Q

Lymphoid stem cells are first produced by

A

Fetal liver and yolk sac

33
Q

Thymus appears at ____ weeks of fetal life

A

6-8

34
Q

In fetus and newborn is derived from mother

A

IgG

35
Q

Complement components are detected by ____ week of gestation; reached adult complement w/in ____

A

19th ; 3-5

36
Q

75% adult IgM: 1-2 years old
20% adult IgA: 10 years old

A

By the age of 12 months

37
Q

MHC is known as the

A

Human Leukocyte Antigen

38
Q

Typing method used to match recipients

A

HLA system

39
Q

Regulators of the process of graft rejection; A,B,C

A

Class I

40
Q

Code for lymphocyte’s cell membrane proteins and regulate immune response and expression; recognition kf foreign; HLA-D

A

Class II

41
Q

3 genetic loci in Class II

A

DP,DQ, DR

42
Q

Determines tissue rejection between unrelated subjects w/ unmatched A, B C

A

HLA-D

43
Q

Class I are found in all nucleated cells in body with exception of

A

Sperm and trophoblastic cells

44
Q

HLA-A
HLA-B
HLA-C

A

24
51
11

45
Q

Mainly found in cell membranes B lympho, macrophages, dendritic, T cells; CD4 T lympho; lymphocyte defined

A

Class II

46
Q

3 gene loci of Class II

A

HLA-DR (20)
HLA-DP (6)
HLA-DQ (9)

47
Q

Complement proteins (C2,C4,B factor)

A

Complement proteins

48
Q

CD8 marker in Class I

A

Cytotoxic T cells

49
Q

Recognized during graft rejection

A

Class I

50
Q

Combination of alleles at each locus on a chromosome

A

HAPLOTYPE

51
Q

Tests to determine degree of histocompatibility for D and R of transplants

A
  1. Mixed Lymphocyte Culture
  2. Histocompatibility antigen typing by lymphotoxicity

IS (2 decks)

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