L2- Basic immunology

Question 1

Latin “Immunis” or Immunity

Answer 1

Free of Taxes or Burden or Changes

Question 2

Capacity to recognize what is Self or Non-Self; involving Cell Surface Molecules that are protein in nature

Answer 2

Immunity

Question 3

Protection against environmental agents like:

Answer 3

Microorganisms and products, food, chemicals, drugs, pollen, animal hair and dander

Question 4

Types of Natural Immunity

Answer 4

Species, Racial, Individual

Question 5

Innate, nonsoecific, nonadaptive
(Body surfaces, Internal like mucous membrane and cough reflex, cells, phagocytes)
Enhance effectiveness of host reactions

Answer 5

Natural Immunity

Question 6

Specific, adaptive

Answer 6

Acquired immunity

Question 7

Ability to respond to prev unseen molecules

Answer 7

Adaptiveness

Question 8

Distinction and recognition of foreign antigen is conferred by

Answer 8

Lymphocytes (has surface receptors)

Question 9

Physical barriers of innate

Answer 9

Skin and mucous membranes

Question 10

Soluble factors of adaptive

Answer 10

Antibodies, lymphokines

Question 11

Vaccines

Answer 11

Acquired immunity (actively required-artificial)

Question 12

Placental transfer of antibodies via colostrums of milk (IgG crossed and provide protection)

Answer 12

Acquired-passive-natural

Question 13

Antibody present in the colostrums or milk

Answer 13

IgA

Question 14

Preformed antibodies, immunocompetent cells and lymphokines

Answer 14

Acquired-passive-artificial

Question 15

Components of IS involved in active and passive

Answer 15

Humoral and Cellular

Question 16

Toxoid and antitoxin against

Answer 16

Diphtheria and tetanus

Question 17

Oral polio vaccine (Sabin), Bacillus of Calmette and Guerin (BCG), Measles, Mumps and Rubella (MMR)

Answer 17

Attenuated organisms

Question 18

Parenteral (Salk), Rabies (duck or goat embryo), Japanese B encephalitis and Influenza virus

Answer 18

Killed organisms

Question 19

Tetanus and diphtheria

Answer 19

Toxoids

Question 20

Tetanus + Diphtheria

Answer 20

DPT (Bordetella pertussis bacilli)

Question 21

Hepatitis vaccine

Answer 21

Recombinant

Question 22

Greater purity

Answer 22

Synthetic peptide vaccines

Question 23

Antigenic determinant

Answer 23

Epitope

Question 24

Part of antibody that combines with epitope

Answer 24

Idiotope

Question 25

Immunocompetent cells to immunodeficient

Answer 25

Adoptive immunity

Question 26

Family of glycoproteins which inhibit viral replication and cell proliferation; enhances NK cells

Answer 26

Y-Interferon

Question 27

2 forms of transfer factor

Answer 27

Antigen Specific and Non-specific (healthy)

Question 28

Hypofunction Hyperfunction

Answer 28

Increased susceptibility Allergy or hypersensitivity

Question 29

Removal of worn out cells

Answer 29

Homeostasis

Question 30

Hyperactivity result to

Answer 30

Autoimmune disease

Question 31

Recognition and removal of abnormal or mutant cells

Answer 31

Surveillance

Question 32

Lymphoid stem cells are first produced by

Answer 32

Fetal liver and yolk sac

Question 33

Thymus appears at ____ weeks of fetal life

Answer 33

6-8

Question 34

In fetus and newborn is derived from mother

Answer 34

IgG

Question 35

Complement components are detected by ____ week of gestation; reached adult complement w/in ____

Answer 35

19th ; 3-5

Question 36

75% adult IgM: 1-2 years old 20% adult IgA: 10 years old

Answer 36

By the age of 12 months

Question 37

MHC is known as the

Answer 37

Human Leukocyte Antigen

Question 38

Typing method used to match recipients

Answer 38

HLA system

Question 39

Regulators of the process of graft rejection; A,B,C

Answer 39

Class I

Question 40

Code for lymphocyte’s cell membrane proteins and regulate immune response and expression; recognition kf foreign; HLA-D

Answer 40

Class II

Question 41

3 genetic loci in Class II

Answer 41

DP,DQ, DR

Question 42

Determines tissue rejection between unrelated subjects w/ unmatched A, B C

Answer 42

HLA-D

Question 43

Class I are found in all nucleated cells in body with exception of

Answer 43

Sperm and trophoblastic cells

Question 44

HLA-A HLA-B HLA-C

Answer 44

24 51 11

Question 45

Mainly found in cell membranes B lympho, macrophages, dendritic, T cells; CD4 T lympho; lymphocyte defined

Answer 45

Class II

Question 46

3 gene loci of Class II

Answer 46

HLA-DR (20) HLA-DP (6) HLA-DQ (9)

Question 47

Complement proteins (C2,C4,B factor)

Answer 47

Complement proteins

Question 48

CD8 marker in Class I

Answer 48

Cytotoxic T cells

Question 49

Recognized during graft rejection

Answer 49

Class I

Question 50

Combination of alleles at each locus on a chromosome

Answer 50

HAPLOTYPE

Question 51

Tests to determine degree of histocompatibility for D and R of transplants

Answer 51

1. Mixed Lymphocyte Culture 2. Histocompatibility antigen typing by lymphotoxicity