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Wind Energy Technology_FA24 > [L2]_PROPERTIES OF WIND > Flashcards

[L2]_PROPERTIES OF WIND Flashcards

1
Q

ENGY-688

What is the Weibull density function formula?

[L2]

A

What is the Weibull density function formula?

[L2]

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2
Q

ENGY-688

What is the Coriolis Force?

[L2]

A

Inertial force in rotating frames

[L2]

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3
Q

ENGY-688

How does the Coriolis Force affect the northern hemisphere?

[L2]

A

Positive Acceleration

[L2]

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4
Q

ENGY-688

What are ocean Gyres?

[L2]

A

Large currents in warm areas

[L2]

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5
Q

ENGY-688

What is a Cyclone?

[L2]

A

Large scale rotating air mass

[L2]

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6
Q

ENGY-688

How high above Earth’s surface does solar-heated air rise towards the poles?

[L2]

A

10 to 15 km

[L2]

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7
Q

ENGY-688

How many Convection Cells are in each hemisphere?

[L2]

A

Three (3)

[L2]

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8
Q

ENGY-688

Name the three (3) convection cells in each hemisphere

[L2]

A

Polar, Mid-Latitude, Hadley

[L2]

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9
Q

ENGY-688

What is meso scale wind?

[L2]

A

Local topographic or thermally induced circulations (10-100km)

[L2]

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10
Q

ENGY-688

What are jet streams?

[L2]

A

Type of wind streams

[L2]

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11
Q

ENGY-688

What are geostrophic winds?

[L2]

A

Straight line flow winds

[L2]

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12
Q

ENGY-688

What characterizes gradient winds?

[L2]

A

Non-geostrophic, parallel

[L2]

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13
Q

ENGY-688

What is a key characteristic of the Normal Distribution?

[L2]

A

Symmetrical Function

[L2]

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14
Q

ENGY-688

Why is Normal Distribution rarely used for wind modeling?

[L2]

A

Inaccurate Reflection

[L2]

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15
Q

ENGY-688

What is the Rayleigh Distribution?

[L2]

A

A one parameter distribution

[L2]

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16
Q

ENGY-688

What is easily computed from the Rayleigh Distribution?

[L2]

A

Mean Wind Speed

[L2]

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17
Q

ENGY-688

What number of parameters does Weibull Distribution use?

[L2]

A

Two Parameters

[L2]

18
Q

ENGY-688

What does ‘k’ represent in Weibull distribution?

[L2]

A

Shape Factor

[L2]

19
Q

ENGY-688

What is the purpose and parameters does Weibull utilize?

[L2]

A

Site assessment of wind speed & Scale (c), shape (k)

[L2]

20
Q

ENGY-688

What effect does a higher k value have on a distribution curve?

[L2]

A

Narrower Shape, Lower Energy

[L2]

21
Q

ENGY-688

What is the common wind speed measurement interval?

[L2]

A

10-Min Average

[L2]

22
Q

ENGY-688

What is the typical value for k or alpha (shape factor)?

[L2]

A

2

[L2]

23
Q

ENGY-688

What is the formula for Power Density?

[L2]

A

PD = ½ * p * V³

[L2]

24
Q

ENGY-688

What affects Power Density?

[L2]

A

Air Density and Wind Speed

[L2]

25
Q

ENGY-688

What is the air density at 15°C?

[L2]

A

1.225 kg/m³

[L2]

26
Q

ENGY-688

Who created the first wind scale?

[L2]

A

Admiral Sir Francis Beaufort

[L2]

27
Q

ENGY-688

What is the purpose of the Beaufort wind scale?

[L2]

A

Estimate wind speeds via visual identifiers

[L2]

28
Q

ENGY-688

What determines NREL Wind Power Class?

[L2]

A

Power Density, Velocity, Hub Height

[L2]

29
Q

ENGY-688

What class is suitable for utility power applications?

[L2]

A

Class 4 or Greater

[L2]

30
Q

ENGY-688

What is wind shear?

[L2]

A

Change in wind speed in regards to altitude

[L2]

31
Q

ENGY-688

What generates microburst of wind shear typically?

[L2]

A

Thunderstorms

[L2]

32
Q

ENGY-688

What are the stages of a microburst life cycle?

[L2]

A

Formation, Impact, Dissipation

[L2]

33
Q

ENGY-688

What occurs during the formation stage of a microburst?

[L2]

A

Evaporation and Precipitation Drag

[L2]

34
Q

ENGY-688

What is Low-level Wind Shear (LLWS)?

[L2]

A

Longer Time-Frame of Velocity Changes

[L2]

35
Q

ENGY-688

How is LLWS quantified?

[L2]

A

10-knots per 200-ft change

[L2]

36
Q

ENGY-688

What is the formula for the Power Law Profile?

[L2]

A

v₂/v₁ = (h₂/h₁)γ

[L2]

37
Q

ENGY-688

How is z₀ related to the height of average roughness element?

[L2]

A

1/30 of height

[L2]

38
Q

ENGY-688

What is the elevation range of the troposphere?

[L2]

A

0 to 11 km

[L2]

39
Q

ENGY-688

What is the density difference at ground level vs 100m?

[L2]

A

< 1% difference

[L2]

40
Q

ENGY-688

What does pd represent?

[L2]

A

Partial pressure of dry air

[L2]

Wind Energy Technology_FA24 (5 decks)

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