L2/3 Quizzes Flashcards
Who developed key theories of building structures and is known as the Father of Modern Physics
Galileo Galilei
Modern safety factors in engineering typically call for a 50-150% increase in structural capacity, this is commonly called an _ _.
Excess margin
T/F With advances in modern construction, labour-intensive methods such as brick masonry and solid plaster for partition walls are universally uneconomical
False
Of the below live loads, which one tends to be mainly horizontal and a prime concern for structural building design in all locations?
- Snow
- People
- Movable furniture
- Wind
Wind
T/F Stress is the force applied to a material while strain is the physical reaction to that force
True
In a uniformly loaded beam, the point of maximum bending stress occurs at the point of support (beam-to-column connection)
False
Which types of stress(es) involve a combination of compression and tension?
- Shear
- Bending
- Both
- Neither
Both
Identify one of the common structural materials that feature a design strength of zero for tension and shear
Concrete
As per the concept of Moment of Inertia, increasing the _ of a spanning element, decreases the amount of deflection under bending stress
Depth
T/F Bearing wall structures are most efficient when loaded uniformly
True
In most western housing markets, the predominant bearing wall structures being erected today are:
Light wood frame houses
As the horizontal forces transfer through an arch, they produce a consideration _ _ at the arch’s springline (base), which must be countered through a strategy such as placing arches in a series
Outward thrust
The hierarchy for horizontally spanning structural elements is floor slab/deck, _, beams and girders
Joists
Where along a uniformly-loaded, normally supported beam would be the maximum shear stress?
At the points of support (beam ends)
Which of the following structural materials has a design strength of zero for tension and shear:
- Brick
- Steel
- Reinforced concrete
- None of these
Brick
Which of the following is considered a cohesive soil:
- Gravel
- Cobble
- Sand
- None of these
None of these
Which dewatering technique typically involves the construction of a slurry wall around the perimeter?
Watertight barrier
T/F A floating foundation takes advantage of the hydrostatic uplift force exerted by water tables
False
Many clay soils, particularly expansive clays, are considered _ soils
Unstable
Dewatering via a watertight barrier involves constructing a _ wall around the perimeter
Slurry
A _ foundation involves merging all column footings of a foundation together
Raft or mat
T/F Bearing wall structures are most efficient when loaded uniformly
True
T/F Labour-intensive brick masonry and plaster for partition walls are universally uneconomical
False
In a normally supported beam, maximum _ stress is at the points of support
Shear
Deflection occurs under which stress(es)?
Bending
Name a common structural material that has a design strength of zero for tension and shear
Masonry, concrete, brick, stone
Which live load is mainly horizontal and a prime concern for structural building design?
Wind
List the following structural elements in the proper hierarchy from a live load to the foundation
- joist
- column
- beam/girder
- floor slab
Floor slab
Joist
Beam/girder
Column
T/F Overlapping pressure bulbs can potentially lead to the failure of a building’s foundation
True
Which of the following is an example of a highly cohesive soil?
- Cobble
- Gravel
- Sand
- Clay
Clay
T/F After a slurry wall trench has been dug, filled with slurry and a welded cage of steel is installed, the next step is to simply place the concrete along the top of the trench and allow the slurry to displace
False
Which of the followings types of bracing for sheeted slope support does NOT occupy the excavation area itself therefore does NOT potentially hinder construction activities?
- Crosslot
- Rakers
- Tiebacks
Tiebacks
The dewatering technique that may have an adverse effect on nearby buildings is called _ _ which has the potential of altering the underground forces exerted onto neighbouring buildings’ foundations
Well points
An alternative to sheet piling is called _ _ and lagging
Soldier beams
For a deep foundation, engineers take a series of _ _, which capture soil in a sampling tube and reveal strata (layers of soil)
Test borings
T/F Sandy soils are inherently unstable and swell when wet and shrink when they dry out
False
T/F Excavation in dense urban areas tend to feature benched slope support rather than sheeted slope support
False
T/F A raft foundation is when individual column footings are merged together into a single, large footing
True
Of the two main types of deep foundation systems, what is the name of the one that is poured rather than driven?
Caisson
One potential option for a developer looking to add floors to an existing building is to _ the foundation, thereby strengthening it
Underpin
The first step in the up-down construction process is to:
- Drill column holes and fill with slurry
- Pour the ground floor slab
- Create a perimeter slurry wall
- Pour the column footings using a tremie
Create a perimeter slurry wall
