L16 - L Flashcards
Treating Alcohol Withdrawal
- mainly use BDZ’s
they have similar effect to alcohol
- BDZ’s and alcohol increase GABA transmission
chlordiazepoxide used for 7 day reducing dose daily
Diazepam used for 6 month detox
- 30mg daily reduced by 2mg fortnightly
Disulfiram
- Irreversibly inhibits aldehyde dehydrogenase
inhibiting aldehyde dehydrogenase
- causes acetaldehyde accumulation
- this will cause nausea , vomiting , headache
- taking disulfiram will help prevent patient drinking alcohol
Sleep Disorders
- Insomnia
- can be from psychiatric disorder
insomnia is a symptom
- affects quality and quantity of sleep
Transient Insomnia
- in people who normally sleep well but having trouble from stimulus (noise)
- use very short term Z-hypnotics
Short-term Insomnia
- related to emotional problem or medical
- Z-hypnotic given for up to 3 weeks
Chronic
- underlying complaint must be treated
- hypnotics have little effects
Treatments for Sleep Disorders
sleep hygiene : dont eat before bed , turn off devices an hour before sleep, block all light , no caffeine late in the day
cognitive therapies : CBT
Drugs : inc. brain inhibition via GABA
- or dec. excitement from 5-HT/histamine
Alzheimer’s Disease Treatment
- AChE Inhibitors
- donepezil
Mild/Moderate Dementia
AChE inhibitors : stop breakdown of ACh
- donepezil - 5mg before bed
- increase weekly max 20mg
Parkinson’s Symptoms
bradykinesia - slow movement
tremor at rest
postural instability
hypokinesia
Acute Care of Parkinsons
- nausea and vomiting
Nausea + Vomiting
- use domperidone oral 10mg every 8hrs
- max 1 week due to cardiac tissue
- cyclizine 50mg every 8 days (25mg in elderly)
