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CSB331 > L15: Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition > Flashcards

L15: Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition Flashcards

1
Q

Three main situations EMT occurs?

A
  1. Development
  2. Wound healing
  3. Cancer metastasis
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2
Q

What are some transcriptional factors that induce EMT?

A
  • Snail1
  • Snail2 (Slug)
  • Twist
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3
Q

Which (groups) types of protein is abundant during EMT?

A

Mesenchymal marker

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4
Q

Which (groups) types of protein decrease during EMT?

A

cell-cell & cell-ECM adhesion proteins

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5
Q

What are some mesenchymal markers that become abundant during EMT?

A
  • integrin A5B6
  • fibronectin
  • MMP
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6
Q

What are some proteins that that become less abundant during EMT?

A
  • E-cadherins
  • Desmoplaktins
  • Occludins
  • Cytokertain
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7
Q

Which protein is shown to regulate EMT proteins?

A

Twist, Snail

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8
Q

Cytokeratins are replaced with which protein?

A

Vimentin

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9
Q

E-cadherins are replaced with which protein?

A

N-cadherins

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10
Q

What are the 5 steps in EMT?

A
  1. Cell commitment - apical constriction
  2. Down-regulation of epithelial markers
  3. loss of cell polarity - cadherin switch
  4. Cell migration from epithelial
  5. Cryptokeratin to vimentin
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11
Q

Which type of junctions decide cell polarity?

A

Tight junction

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12
Q

Characteristic cell movement in wound healing

A
  1. leading cells protrudes

2. follower cells are dragged

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13
Q

Does cancer use EMT, MET or both?

A

Both. EMT to enter blood stream and MET to reenter tissue during metastasis

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14
Q

Do cancer cells EMT individually or in group?

A

Traditionally thought to be individually. But possibly in groups.

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15
Q

Which three components are needed for EMT?

A
  1. Receptor tyrosine kinase
  2. Integrin a2ß1
  3. TGF ß
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16
Q

Does RTK inhibit TGFß activity?

A

Yes. Only when blocking apoptosis.

17
Q

Which protein is responsible for crosslinking collagen?

A

LOX

18
Q

Is it the stiffness from LOX or simply amount of collagen that controls cell migration?

A

the stiffness

19
Q

Which protein is transported to nucleus in a stiff ECM?

A

YAP

20
Q

What does YAP assist in?

A

stem cell differentiation and EMT

21
Q

Which complex transfers force from lamina and chromatin?

A

LINC complex

22
Q

Why does stuff ECM promote transportation of YAP?

A

Force stretches the nucleus and opens the pore for more YAP transport

23
Q

Which pathways enable Snail?

A

RTK, wnt, TGFß

24
Q

What are two main parts of Snail?

A

Zinc fingers and SNAG

25
Q

What is the purpose of Snail’s SNAG domain?

A

to recruit HDAC

26
Q

What is the purpose of Snail’s zinc finger?

A

Recognize the sequence in promoter for E-Cadherin

27
Q

HADC reverses the action of which protein?

A

HAC

28
Q

Does snail stabilize or unstabilize the DNA?

A

It stabalizes it making it less like to transcribe

CSB331 (10 decks)

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