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Physiology > L11 ANS > Flashcards

L11 ANS Flashcards

1
Q

What has both sensory and motor divisions?

A

PNS

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2
Q

what is the enteric NS?

A

self-contained collection of nerve plexuses that surround the GI tract and receive inputs from both SNS and PNS nerves

aka “little brain”

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3
Q

what makes up the central autonomic network?

A

some cerebral cortex - limbic cortex
hypothalamus
brainstem
spinal cord

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4
Q

what is the ANS function of the hypothalamus?

A

temperature

osmolarity

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5
Q

what is the ANS function of the midbrain?

A

visual

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6
Q

what is the ANS function of the medulla oblongata?

A

respiration
heart rate
blood pressure

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7
Q

what are characteristics of the ANS?

A

visceral functions

involuntary

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8
Q

what are characteristics of somatic nervous system?

A

conscious control - muscles

voluntary

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9
Q

what are characteristics of somatic motor neurons?

A

1 long, heavily myelinated axon from CNS to effector - no ganglia
releases ACh
cell body in CNS

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10
Q

what are characteristics of ANS neurons?

A

preganglionic neuron has lightly myelinated axon = always release ACh
postganglionic neuron is unmyelinated and goes to effector = may release NE, ACh, neuropeptides

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11
Q

most visceral organs are innervated by SNS and PNS which causes?

A

dual innervations = dual antagoisms - both divisions counterbalance each other!

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12
Q

what division of the ANS can override?

A

SNS can override PNS during times of stress

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13
Q

what are only innervated by SNS?

A 
vascular smooth muscle
sweat glands
piloerector muscles
liver
adipose tissue
kidney
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14
Q

what are only innervated by PNS?

A

gastric/pancreatic secretions

lacrimal glands

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15
Q

where are the cell bodies of SNS?

A

thoracolumbar region

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16
Q

where are the cell bodies of PNS?

A

craniosacral region

17
Q

why is the adrenal medulla considered a modified or specialized ganglion?

A

T8-12 synapse DIRECTLY on adrenal medulla - it has receptors etc.

18
Q

what is the NT linking all preganglionic neurons rto postganglionic neurons?

A

ACh

19
Q

what NT links postganglionic neurons to effector organs in PNS?

A

ACh

20
Q

what NT links postganglionic neurons to effector organs in SNS?

A

NE

21
Q

what are the receptors on effector muscles?

A

alpha and beta - NE

muscarinic - ACh

22
Q

when is NE NOT the NT of the SNS?

A
  • skeletal muscles - ACh
  • sweat glands - ACh
  • vascular smooth muscle - ACh
  • adrenal medulla - epi (80%) and NE (20%)
23
Q

what are chromaffin cells?

A

in the middle portion of the adrenal medulla

neuroendocrine cells

24
Q

the adrenal medulla acts as a combo of what?

A

symp ganglion and gland

Physiology (16 decks)

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