**L10 - Lorenz Flashcards
what did KONRAD LORENZ want to investigate?
LORENZ wanted to investigate IMPRINTING - this is the INSTINCT in several species of animals to ATTACH TO THE FIRST MOVING THING they see AFTER THEY ARE BORN
what was the PROCEDURE of LORENZ’ STUDY?
LORENZ took a CLUTCH OF GOSLING EGGS and DIVIDED THEM INTO TWO GROUPS
One group was LEFT TO HATCH with their NATURAL MOTHER PRESENT, while the other eggs were PLACED IN AN INCUBATOR
When the INCUBATOR EGGS hatched, the FIRST MOVING THING they saw was LORENZ.
LORENZ MARKED THE TWO GROUPS to DISTINGUISH BETWEEN THEM and PLACED THEM ALL TOGETHER AGAIN
what were the FINDINGS of LORENZ’ GOSLING STUDY? - PT 1
the goslings QUICKLY DIVIDED THEMSELVES UP, ONE GROUP following their NATURAL MOTHER and the other FOLLOWING LORENZ
The goslings that had been in the INCUBATOR showed NO RECOGNITION of their NATURAL MOTHER
what were the FINDINGS of LORENZ’ GOSLING STUDY? - PT 2
LORENZ found that this PROCESS OF IMPRINTING is RESTRICTED to a VERY DEFINITE PERIOD of a YOUNG ANIMAL’S LIFE, called the CRITICAL PERIOD
If a young animal is NOT EXPOSED TO A MOVING OBJECT during this CRITICAL PERIOD then the ANIMAL WILL NOT IMPRINT
Animals IMPRINT ON CONSISTENTLY MOVING OBJECTS during THEIR FIRST TWO DAYS - imprinting is SIMILAR TO ATTACHMENT in that it BINDS AN ANIMAL TO A CAREGIVER in a SPECIAL RELATIONSHIP.
LORENZ had to TEACH THE GOSLINGS how to swim and they would ALWAYS RETURN TO HIM WHEN CALLED
what were the LONG TERM EFFECTS of LORENZ’ study?
LORENZ noted SEVERAL FEATURES OF IMPRINTING, e.g the process is IRREVERSIBLE and LONG LASTING.
ONE OF THE GEESE THAT IMPRINTED ON HIM called MARTINA, used to SLEEP ON HIS BED EVERY NIGHT
LORENZ also discovered that this EARLY IMPRINTING had an effect on LATER MATE PREFERENCES, called SEXUAL IMPRINTING.
Animals will CHOOSE TO MATE with the same kind of object UPON WHICH THEY IMPRINTED
+ GUTTON (EVALUATION OF LORENZ)
+ other studies SUPPORT THE IDEA that animals are BORN WITH AN INSTINCT to ATTACH TO THE FIRST MOVING OBJECT they see.
GUTTON demonstrated that CHICKENS EXPOSED TO YELLOW RUBBER GLOVES DURING FEEDING in their FIRST FEW WEEKS OF LIFE, IMPRINTED ON THE GLOVES
- REVERSIBLE, GUTTON (EVALUATION OF LORENZ)
- IMPRINTING is MORE REVERSIBLE than LORENZ THOUGHT.
GUTTON found that he COULD REVERSE the IMPRINTING IN CHICKENS that had INITIALLY TRIED TO MATE WITH THE YELLOW RUBBER GLOVES
After spending TIME WITH THEIR OWN SPECIES, they were able to ENGAGE IN NORMAL SEXUAL BEHAVIOUR with OTHER CHICKENS
