L10- Institutional Aggression In The Context Of Prisons- Situational Explanations Of Aggresion Flashcards

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1
Q

Situational explanation of aggression

A
  • Propose aggression in prisons is result of environmental factors
  • crowded conditions= can cause rise in agg behaviour
  • stressful environments bc form of punishment
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2
Q

Deprivation model

A

Proposed by Skyes
- proposes agg results from no. of environmental deprivations
- deprivation of liberty, autonomy, goods, heterosexual relationships, security

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3
Q

Deprivation of liberty

A
  • prisoners deprived of freedom - main form of punishment - have to remain in prison environment
  • often have to obtain permission to eat/sleep, shower etc.
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4
Q

Deprivation of autonomy

A
  • prisoners have no power, very few choices
  • leads to feeling of helplessness = frustration + agg
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5
Q

Deprivation of goods

A
  • things we take for granted ( smartphones) restricted/ denied
  • causes frustrated sense of failure = agg
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6
Q

Deprivation of heterosexual relationships

A
  • men feel emasculated from loss of hetero relationships
  • greater opportunity for homosexual behaviour can leads to anxieties for prisoners
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7
Q

Deprivation of security

A
  • may live in fear off agg from other inmates = heightened sense of physical threat
  • feeling of perceived continual threat = agg response as form of defence
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8
Q

Situational context violence takes place in

A

Cooke et al
- to understand institutional agg, need to consider situational context violence takes place in
- argue violent prisoners only violent in certain circumstances: overcrowding, heat and noise, job burnout

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9
Q

Overcrowding

A
  • govt report 2014 attributed record rates of murder,suicide + assaults to increased overcrowding in British prisons
  • Japanese study - prison population density sig effect on inmate violence rate
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10
Q

Heat and noise

A
  • prisons tend to be hot + noisy
  • high temp + noise= exacerbate effects of overcrowding = may predispose inmates to agg behaviour
  • Griffit + Veitch = studied students - found combo of high temp + population density = more negative emotions than comfortable temp + lower population density
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11
Q

Job burnout

A
  • prison staff being psychologically exhausted from job + gradual loss of caring about ppl who they work with (inmates) = linked to development of violence in prisons
  • link to deterioration in relationship with inmates + overall functioning of prison
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12
Q

Evaluation

A

+ research support- Gaes et al - overcrowding stress + overreaction
+ practical applications - better conditions = lower agg
- research - Camp +Gaes- high/low security
- research- McCorke et al- all stressed not all agg

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13
Q

Strengths

A

+ Gaes et al- overcrowding in prisons = ill health + general misconduct and also agg + violence (overcrowding heightens stress= overreaction to other factors in institution)

+ practical applications - 2005, Wilson set up 2 units- overcrowding reduced, music introduced to reduce noisy conditions + temp controlled = found this was successful way to lower levels of agg

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14
Q

Weaknesses

A
  • deprivation model criticised = Camp + Gaes - randomly allocated 561 male inmates - matched on criminal history + predisposition to violence - low security, high security - 3% difference in no, prisoners committing agg acts in low/ high security= agg more likely result of individuals not situation (lower security = less stress= lower violence)
  • deprivation model criticised - McCorkle et al - investigated agg in 371 state prisons in US - little evidence to support link between violence + overcrowding- points out stress experienced by most individuals in prison, but not all resort to agg- assumption stress + frustration always lead to agg is flaws
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