l1- the nervous system

Question 1

what are the two sub systems of the NS?

Answer 1

• Central nervous system (CNS)

- Peripheral nervous system (PNS)

Question 2

what is the nervous system?

Answer 2

• a specialised network of cells in the human body

- our primary internal communication system

Question 3

2 main functions of the nervous system

Answer 3

• To collect, process and respond to information in the environment.
• To coordinate the working of different organs and cells in the body
• brain must be able to receive info from sensory receptors and send infor to muscles and glands

Question 4

what is the cns made up of?

Answer 4

brain and spinal cord

Question 5

what does the brain do?

Answer 5

• centre of all conscious awareness
• developed cerebral cortex separates us from animals
• 2 hemispheres- left, right

Question 6

parts of brain

Answer 6

• Cerebrum= largest part ,four different lobes, two specialised halves- cerebral hemispheres which communicate via corpus callosum
• Cerebellum- back of cerebrum, involved in controlling motor skills and balance, coordinating muscles to allow precise movements.
• Diencephalon- beneath the cerebrum, on top of brain stem, contains thalamus and hypothalamus
• Brain stem- regulates automatic functions essential for living (breathing, heartbeat, swallowing), motor + sensory neurons travel through brain stem, allowing impulses to pass between brain and spinal cord

Question 7

4 lobes of cerebrum

Answer 7

the frontal lobe, temporal lobe, parietal lobe and occipital lobe

Question 8

what does the spinal cord do?

Answer 8

• Main function= relay info between brain and rest of the body.
• Allows brain to monitor and regulate bodily processes (digestion, breathing) and coordinate voluntary movements
• Connected to different parts of body by pairs of spinal nerves, which connect the specific muscles and glands
• Contains circuits of nerve cells that enable us to perform simple reflexes without the direct involvement of the brain, for example pulling your hand away from something that is hot.

Question 9

function of peripheral nervous system

Answer 9

• consists of the nervous system throughout the rest of the body (not brain or spinal cord)
• transmits messages, via neurons to and from the CNS.
• 2 divisions- autonomic + somatic (ANS, SNS)

Question 10

function of somatic nervous system

Answer 10

• controls voluntary movements and is under conscious control.
• Connects the senses with the CNS
• Controls skeletal muscles.
• controlled by the motor cortex.
• involved in reflex actions
• sensory receptors and motor pathways

Question 11

function of autonomic nervous system (ANS)

Answer 11

• Regulates involuntary actions -responsible for regulating automatic internal bodily responses.
• ANS control centre is in the brain stem.
• Two parts: sympathetic (noradrenaline), parasympathetic(acetylcholine).
• important role in homeostasis,
• ONLY motor pathways