L1: Particle Model Flashcards
What does a particle model of a solid look like?
The particles are in a regular arrangement and close together
What does a particle model of a liquid look like?
The particles are in a random arrangement and close together, touching
What does a particle model of a gas look like?
The particles are far apart and in a random arrangement
How do you show different elements in a particle model?
Different size and/or colour
What are the limitations of the particle model?
They don’t consider the forces between molecules
It assumes all particles are spheres, failing to account for complex shapes of molecules
It assumes that all spheres are solid and inelastic, which does not reflect the true nature of atoms, ions, or molecules
What do chemical changes require?
A chemical reaction for there to be a change from reactants to products. Reactants are chemically different to the products.
What do physical changes require?
They require energy to change the state of matter
When is energy transferred from a compound/substance?
Condensing and freezing
When is energy transferred to a compound/substance?
Boiling and melting
Describe the movement of particles in solids, liquids and gases
- Solid - vibrate in a fixed position
- Liquid - move around eachother
- Gas - move randomly in all directions
Term describing the change of solid to gas
Sublimination
Term describing the change of gas to solid
Deposition
Do particles have the same properties as the bulk substance - why?
No
The arrangement and movement of all the particles affects the physical properties of a bulk substance
Explain the pysical properties of solids
- Fixed shape because particles cannot rearrange
- They cannot be compressed so there is no space for a particle to move into
