L1-normal birth Flashcards
what is normal birth?
spontaneous, low-rissk
infant born in vertex position between 37-42 weeks
post birth both the mother and child are in good health.
Difference between spinal and epidural?
Spinal: injection into the CSF
No catheter
lower limb and pelvic surgeries
Epidural: injection into epidural space
catheter
for lower limb, pelvic and child delivery
what is the latent phase of labour?
This is when your cervix becomes soft and thin as it gets ready to open up (dilate) for your baby to be born.
starts with contraction
duration: 6hrs tp 2/3 days
cervix is effeacing and dilates
Encouraged to stay at home and take paracetomal
what is Braxton Hicks contraction?
Braxton Hicks are when the womb contracts and relaxes. Sometimes they are known as false labour pains.
Braxton Hicks are completely normal and many women experience them during pregnancy.
Why women get Braxton hicks contraction?
more likely in:
being very active
having a full bladder
having sex
being dehydrated.
difference between Braxton Hicks and labout contraction?
Unlike labour contractions, Braxton Hicks contractions:
vary in length and strength
happen infrequently, are unpredictable and non-rhythmic
are more uncomfortable than painful
do not increase in frequency, duration or intensity
lessen and then disappear, only to reappear at some time in the future.
Compared with Braxton Hicks, labour contractions:
are noticeably, and increasingly, longer are more regular are more frequent are painful increase in intensity.
Braxton Hicks contractions do not cause the cervix (the entrance to the womb) to open (dilate)
What is engagment?
baby’s head is lowered into the pelvic brim.
when the lowermost part of the fetus descends and is engaged in the mother’s pelvis, an event that typically occurs 2 to 3 weeks before labor begins. Women who have had two or more prior viable pregnancies (multiparas) may not experience engagement until labor actually begins. When engagement occurs, there is a visible change in the shape of the woman’s stomach because the baby drops lower in the abdomen.
Effective pain relief in childbirth?
Less operative births including CS
Less pharmacological analgesia
Shorter labours
More positive experience of childbirth
example of pain relief?
Entonox (gaseous)-most widely used, high satisfaction levels ?self administration
Side effects-nausea and vomiting
opiates used in pain relief?
Pethidine/morphine Side effects Fetal Respiratory depression Diminishes breast-seeking, breast-feeding behaviours Side effects-maternal Euphoria & dysphoria Nausea/vomiting Longer 1st and 2nd stage labour
The most effective form of pain relief?
Epidural
side effects (mother): Increase length 1st & 2nd stage Need for more oxytocin Increase incidence malpositon Increase instrumental rate
side effects (child):
tachycardia
diminished breast feeding behaviours
2nd stage of childbirth?
Full dilatation
External signs-head visible
Spont bearing down
Can have a latent phase
Progress-descent
mechanisms of labour?
Descent Flexion Internal rotation Crowning Extension Restitution Internal restitution of shoulders Lateral flexion
what si 2nd stage?
Full dilatation
External signs-head visible
Spont bearing down
Can have a latent phase
Progress-descent
what is 3rd stage?
Physiological management-increase blood loss
Active management-oxytocic, cut and clamp cord, CCT
Nausea & vomiting
Check placenta and membranes complete
