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Foundations of Molecular Microbiology > L1: Intro to microbiology > Flashcards

L1: Intro to microbiology Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Is E.coli gram negative or gram positive rod?

A

Gram Negative

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2
Q

What is the cause of neo-natal sepsis due to a disruption of the normal flora of the birth canal?

A

Streptococcus agalactiae

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3
Q

Pasteurella multocida is caused by bites from which animal?

A

Cats

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4
Q

______ ________ is the causative organism in bubonic plague

A

Yersinia pestis

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5
Q

What is listeria monocytogenes?

A

The species of pathogenic bacteria causing food poisoning, from the infection listeriosis. It is a facultative anaerobic bacterium, capable of surviving in the presence or absence of oxygen.

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6
Q

What is the role of crystal violet in the performance of a gram stain?

A

It is a stain

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7
Q

______ _______ is a Gram-negative, non-motile, encapsulated, lactose-fermenting, facultative anaerobic, rod-shaped bacterium

A

Klebsiella pneumoniae

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8
Q

What is a coccus?

A

Any spherical or roughly spherical bacterium.

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9
Q

What is a microorganism?

A

A microorganism, or microbe, is an organism of microscopic size, which may exist in its single-celled form or as a colony of cells. Examples include Virus, Archaea, Bacteria, Fungi, Protists

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10
Q

Define Pathogens

A

A bacterium, virus, or other microorganism that can cause disease.

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11
Q

A _______ is a bacterium, virus, or other microorganism that can cause disease.

A

Pathogen

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12
Q

Name the smallest infectious microorganism.

A

Viruses

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13
Q

______ are typically between 18 and 300nanometers in diameter.

A

Viruses

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14
Q

True or False: Viruses can be seem using a light microscope

A

False

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15
Q

True or false: in order to view viruses under a microscope, scientists have to utilize colorised scanning electron micrographs

A

True

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16
Q

There are currently over 100 families and 2800 species of which microrganism

A

Viruses

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17
Q

True or False: Not all viruses can infect humans

A

True

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18
Q

Are bacteria eukaryotes or prokaryotes?

A

prokaryotes

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19
Q

True or false: Bacteria are unicellular prokaryotes

A

True

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20
Q

Spheres, Rods, or Spirals describe the classification of which prokaryotic unicellular microorganism?

A

Bacteria

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21
Q

______ is a rod shaped baterium

A

Bacili

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22
Q

In bacterial classification, what shape is Bacilli?

A

Rod-shaped

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23
Q

A rod-shaped bacterium is called

A

Bacilli

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24
Q

Bacilli is

A

A rod shaped bacterium

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25
Q

In bacterial classification, a cocci is ______ in shape

A

Spherical

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26
Q

Any spherical or roughly spherical bacterium is known as

A

Cocci

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27
Q

A spherical shaped bacterium is known as

A

Cocci

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28
Q

Define: spirilla

A

A spiral shaped bacterium

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29
Q

In bacterial classification, a spiral - shaped bacteria is known as a _____

A

Spirilla

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30
Q

In bacterial classification, a spirilla is a spiral shaped _______

A

Bacteria

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31
Q

In bacterial classification, bacteria is usually between __ to ___ micrometers (10e-6)

A

1 to 20

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32
Q

1 - 20 micrometres (10e-6) is the size for which microorganism

A

Bacteria

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33
Q

In Bacterial arrangement, streptococci appears in what shape?

A

Chains

34
Q

In Bacterial arrangement, _______ occurs in pairs or chains

A

Streptococci

35
Q

What is the etymology of the word streptococci

A

From the Greek streptos meaning “chain” and ‘kokkos’ meaning “berry”

36
Q

From the Greek streptos meaning “chain” and ‘kokkos’ meaning “berry”

A

Streptococci

37
Q

Any spherical or roughly spherical bacterium.

A

Coccus

38
Q

In bacterial classification, a spherical or roughly spherical bacterium that is isolated in arrangement is called a

A

Coccus

39
Q

Etymology: From the Greek word ‘kokko’, meaning ‘berry’

A

Coccus

40
Q

Define: Staphylococci

A

A bacterium of a genus that includes many pathogenic kinds that cause pus formation, especially in the skin and mucous membranes.

41
Q

A bacterium of a genus that includes many pathogenic kinds that cause pus formation, especially in the skin and mucous membranes.

A

Staphylococci

42
Q

Etymology: From the Greek ‘staphyle’ (bunch of grapes) and kokkos (berry).

A

Staphylococci

43
Q

In bacterial classification, this pathogenic bacterium appears in a clustered arrangement.
Hint: Greek bunch of berries + Berry

A

Staphylococci

44
Q

Are fungi pro or eukaryotic?

A

Eukaryotic

45
Q

_____ and _______ are two forms of unicellular and filamentous fungi, respectively.

A

Yeast and Mold.

46
Q

An intermediate between the bacteria and eukaryotes, and similar to bacteria in size and simplicity of structure but radically different in molecular organisation.

A

Archaea

47
Q

Derived from the Greek word archaios, meaning “ancient” or “primitive

A

Archaea

48
Q

True or False: Antartica is home to many microbes

A

True

49
Q

Define: psychrophiles

A

An organism that grows best at temperatures close to freezing.

50
Q

an organism that grows best at temperatures close to freezing.

A

A psychrophile

51
Q

A psychrophile is an organism that growths best at high or low temperatures

A

Low

52
Q

At low temperatures, this type of archaea grows best.

A

A psychrophile

53
Q

This archaea spends most of it’s time in a freeze dried state, and is only active for brief periods in the summer

A

A psychrophile

54
Q

True or False: A psychrophile is found in hot volcanic springs were it grows best, in high temperatures

A

False

55
Q

Thermophiles are which type of microorganism?

A

Archaea

56
Q

These microbes thrive in high heat and are often found in hot volcanic springs.

A

Thermorphiles

57
Q

True or False: bacteria reproduce by splitting into two

A

True

58
Q

Vibrio is one of 4 basic shapes of which microorganism?

A

Bacteria

59
Q

Spheres, rods, spirals, and commas (vibrio) are four basic shapes of which type of microbe?

A

Bacteria

60
Q

This microbe is found as single cells (isolated), in pairs, or clusters.

A

Bacteria

61
Q

Name the 4 basic shapes of bacteria

A

Spheres, rods, spirals, and commas (vibrio).

62
Q

True of False: Viruses can exist independently.

A

False

63
Q

True of False: Viruses are parasitic

A

True

64
Q

This microbe is parasitic and caused harm to the host which results in disease

A

What is a virus.

65
Q

_____________ is formed when bacteria becomes infected by a virus.

A

Bacteriophage

66
Q

A virus that infects and replicates within bacteria and archaea is called

A

Bacteriophage

67
Q

what is a bacteriophage?

A

A virus that infects and replicates within bacteria and archaea

68
Q

What is the etymology of the word “bacteriophage”?

A

The term was derived from “bacteria” and the Greek φαγεῖν (phagein), meaning “to devour”.

69
Q

The term was derived from “bacteria” and the Greek φαγεῖν (phagein), meaning “to devour”.

A

Bacteriophage

70
Q

What are the two broad groups of Fungi

A

moulds and yeasts

71
Q

yeasts and moulds are two main groups of which microorganism?

A

Fungi

72
Q

A filamentous or thread like microorganism that penetrates their food source to form a network

A

Mould

73
Q

This microorganism can grow in dry and acidic conditions. It can also tolerate a wide range of temperatures, and is one of two broad forms of a large and diverse group of organisms

A

Mould.

74
Q

This group of Fungi is a microscopic single celled microbe that is usually round or oval in shape

A

Yeast

75
Q

This group of fungi converts sugar into alcohol and carbon dioxide by fermentation

A

Yeast

76
Q

What is yeast?

A

A microscopic fungus consisting of single oval cells that reproduce by budding, and is capable of converting sugar into alcohol and carbon dioxide.

77
Q

A microscopic fungus consisting of single oval cells that reproduce by budding, and is capable of converting sugar into alcohol and carbon dioxide.

A

What is yeast

78
Q

any unicellular fungus that reproduces vegetatively by budding or fission, including forms such as candida that can cause disease.

A

What is yeast

79
Q

What is yeast?

A

Any unicellular fungus that reproduces vegetatively by budding or fission, including forms such as candida that can cause disease.

80
Q

The word _____ derives from the ancient Indo-European word “gist” or “gyst”, which means “to boil” or “boil” and vividly describes it’s function and effect in breadmaking.

A

Yeast

81
Q
A

Foundations of Molecular Microbiology (11 decks)

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