L1: Intro to microbiology Flashcards
Is E.coli gram negative or gram positive rod?
Gram Negative
What is the cause of neo-natal sepsis due to a disruption of the normal flora of the birth canal?
Streptococcus agalactiae
Pasteurella multocida is caused by bites from which animal?
Cats
______ ________ is the causative organism in bubonic plague
Yersinia pestis
What is listeria monocytogenes?
The species of pathogenic bacteria causing food poisoning, from the infection listeriosis. It is a facultative anaerobic bacterium, capable of surviving in the presence or absence of oxygen.
What is the role of crystal violet in the performance of a gram stain?
It is a stain
______ _______ is a Gram-negative, non-motile, encapsulated, lactose-fermenting, facultative anaerobic, rod-shaped bacterium
Klebsiella pneumoniae
What is a coccus?
Any spherical or roughly spherical bacterium.
What is a microorganism?
A microorganism, or microbe, is an organism of microscopic size, which may exist in its single-celled form or as a colony of cells. Examples include Virus, Archaea, Bacteria, Fungi, Protists
Define Pathogens
A bacterium, virus, or other microorganism that can cause disease.
A _______ is a bacterium, virus, or other microorganism that can cause disease.
Pathogen
Name the smallest infectious microorganism.
Viruses
______ are typically between 18 and 300nanometers in diameter.
Viruses
True or False: Viruses can be seem using a light microscope
False
True or false: in order to view viruses under a microscope, scientists have to utilize colorised scanning electron micrographs
True
There are currently over 100 families and 2800 species of which microrganism
Viruses
True or False: Not all viruses can infect humans
True
Are bacteria eukaryotes or prokaryotes?
prokaryotes
True or false: Bacteria are unicellular prokaryotes
True
Spheres, Rods, or Spirals describe the classification of which prokaryotic unicellular microorganism?
Bacteria
______ is a rod shaped baterium
Bacili
In bacterial classification, what shape is Bacilli?
Rod-shaped
A rod-shaped bacterium is called
Bacilli
Bacilli is
A rod shaped bacterium
In bacterial classification, a cocci is ______ in shape
Spherical
Any spherical or roughly spherical bacterium is known as
Cocci
A spherical shaped bacterium is known as
Cocci
Define: spirilla
A spiral shaped bacterium
In bacterial classification, a spiral - shaped bacteria is known as a _____
Spirilla
In bacterial classification, a spirilla is a spiral shaped _______
Bacteria
In bacterial classification, bacteria is usually between __ to ___ micrometers (10e-6)
1 to 20
1 - 20 micrometres (10e-6) is the size for which microorganism
Bacteria
In Bacterial arrangement, streptococci appears in what shape?
Chains
In Bacterial arrangement, _______ occurs in pairs or chains
Streptococci
What is the etymology of the word streptococci
From the Greek streptos meaning “chain” and ‘kokkos’ meaning “berry”
From the Greek streptos meaning “chain” and ‘kokkos’ meaning “berry”
Streptococci
Any spherical or roughly spherical bacterium.
Coccus
In bacterial classification, a spherical or roughly spherical bacterium that is isolated in arrangement is called a
Coccus
Etymology: From the Greek word ‘kokko’, meaning ‘berry’
Coccus
Define: Staphylococci
A bacterium of a genus that includes many pathogenic kinds that cause pus formation, especially in the skin and mucous membranes.
A bacterium of a genus that includes many pathogenic kinds that cause pus formation, especially in the skin and mucous membranes.
Staphylococci
Etymology: From the Greek ‘staphyle’ (bunch of grapes) and kokkos (berry).
Staphylococci
In bacterial classification, this pathogenic bacterium appears in a clustered arrangement.
Hint: Greek bunch of berries + Berry
Staphylococci
Are fungi pro or eukaryotic?
Eukaryotic
_____ and _______ are two forms of unicellular and filamentous fungi, respectively.
Yeast and Mold.
An intermediate between the bacteria and eukaryotes, and similar to bacteria in size and simplicity of structure but radically different in molecular organisation.
Archaea
Derived from the Greek word archaios, meaning “ancient” or “primitive
Archaea
True or False: Antartica is home to many microbes
True
Define: psychrophiles
An organism that grows best at temperatures close to freezing.
an organism that grows best at temperatures close to freezing.
A psychrophile
A psychrophile is an organism that growths best at high or low temperatures
Low
At low temperatures, this type of archaea grows best.
A psychrophile
This archaea spends most of it’s time in a freeze dried state, and is only active for brief periods in the summer
A psychrophile
True or False: A psychrophile is found in hot volcanic springs were it grows best, in high temperatures
False
Thermophiles are which type of microorganism?
Archaea
These microbes thrive in high heat and are often found in hot volcanic springs.
Thermorphiles
True or False: bacteria reproduce by splitting into two
True
Vibrio is one of 4 basic shapes of which microorganism?
Bacteria
Spheres, rods, spirals, and commas (vibrio) are four basic shapes of which type of microbe?
Bacteria
This microbe is found as single cells (isolated), in pairs, or clusters.
Bacteria
Name the 4 basic shapes of bacteria
Spheres, rods, spirals, and commas (vibrio).
True of False: Viruses can exist independently.
False
True of False: Viruses are parasitic
True
This microbe is parasitic and caused harm to the host which results in disease
What is a virus.
_____________ is formed when bacteria becomes infected by a virus.
Bacteriophage
A virus that infects and replicates within bacteria and archaea is called
Bacteriophage
what is a bacteriophage?
A virus that infects and replicates within bacteria and archaea
What is the etymology of the word “bacteriophage”?
The term was derived from “bacteria” and the Greek φαγεῖν (phagein), meaning “to devour”.
The term was derived from “bacteria” and the Greek φαγεῖν (phagein), meaning “to devour”.
Bacteriophage
What are the two broad groups of Fungi
moulds and yeasts
yeasts and moulds are two main groups of which microorganism?
Fungi
A filamentous or thread like microorganism that penetrates their food source to form a network
Mould
This microorganism can grow in dry and acidic conditions. It can also tolerate a wide range of temperatures, and is one of two broad forms of a large and diverse group of organisms
Mould.
This group of Fungi is a microscopic single celled microbe that is usually round or oval in shape
Yeast
This group of fungi converts sugar into alcohol and carbon dioxide by fermentation
Yeast
What is yeast?
A microscopic fungus consisting of single oval cells that reproduce by budding, and is capable of converting sugar into alcohol and carbon dioxide.
A microscopic fungus consisting of single oval cells that reproduce by budding, and is capable of converting sugar into alcohol and carbon dioxide.
What is yeast
any unicellular fungus that reproduces vegetatively by budding or fission, including forms such as candida that can cause disease.
What is yeast
What is yeast?
Any unicellular fungus that reproduces vegetatively by budding or fission, including forms such as candida that can cause disease.
The word _____ derives from the ancient Indo-European word “gist” or “gyst”, which means “to boil” or “boil” and vividly describes it’s function and effect in breadmaking.
Yeast
