L1: Intro to Anesthesia (Granone)

Question 1

3 main classes of anesthetic techniques

Answer 1

• local anesthesia (topical, infiltration, localized nerve blocks, etc.)
• regional anesthesia (epidural, regional IV anesthesia)
• general anesthesia

Question 2

goals of anesthesia

Answer 2

• ensure adequate anesthesia
• ensure the patient is in the optimal state for the procedure to be performed
• ensure patient safety and survival

Question 3

anesthesia

Answer 3

loss of sedation of a particular body part or the whole body.
-induced by drugs that depress the activity of the nervous system either peripherally or centrally

Question 4

general anesthesia

Answer 4

state of unconsciousness prod. by controlled, reversible drug administration that causes inhibition of the CNS which results in the absence of pain sensation, muscle relaxation

• goal = produce unconsciousness, amnesia, m. relaxation, analgesia
• usually maintained with inhalants and induced with injectables

Question 5

balanced anesthesia

Answer 5

the state of surgical anesthesia that is achieved by the use of 2 or more drugs or anesthetic techniques (local anesthesia), each of which contributes its own pharm. effects
-provides the effects that correspond to the components of general anesthesia

Question 6

adv. of balanced anesthesia

Answer 6

• allows for a lighter plane of anesthesia than may be possible with the administration of a single agent
• results in more stable CV and pulmonary fx

Question 7

preanesthetic assessment

Answer 7

• Hx
• physical condition
• physical exam

Question 8

ASA Physical Status 1

Answer 8

normal healthy patient

ie. neutering, routine dental prophylaxis

Question 9

ASA Physical Status 2

Answer 9

patient with mild systemic disease (ie. minor fractures, slight dehydration, skin tumors, asymptomatic heart murmurs)

Question 10

ASA Physical Status 3

Answer 10

patient with severe systemic disease (ie. chronic heart disease, anemia, severe fractures, chronic kidney disease)

Question 11

ASA Physical Status 4

Answer 11

patient with severe systemic disease that is a constant threat to life. (ie. ruptured urinary bladder, closed pyometra, diaphragmatic hernia)

Question 12

ASA Physical Status 5

Answer 12

a moribound patient who is not expected to survive without the operation (ie. severe shock)

Question 13

what can be done to relieve pneumothorax

Answer 13

thoracocentesis

Question 14

ketamine is a dissociative anesthetic

Answer 14

:)