L1 Genetic and physical analysis of a plasmid clone

Question 1

Restriction map

Answer 1

A restriction map is a map of known restriction sites within a sequence of DNA.

Question 2

Gene

Answer 2

A gene is the basic physical and functional unit of heredity. Genes are made up of DNA. Some genes act as instructions to make molecules called proteins. However, many genes do not code for proteins.

Question 3

Ori

Answer 3

The origin of replication (also called the replication origin) is a particular sequence in a genome at which replication is initiated.

Question 4

Auxotroph

Answer 4

a mutant organism (especially a bacterium or fungus) that requires a particular additional nutrient which the normal strain does not.

Question 5

Prototroph

Answer 5

Any microorganism that can synthesize its nutrients from inorganic material.

Question 6

Electrophoresis

Answer 6

Electrophoresis is a technique commonly used in the lab to separate charged molecules, like DNA, according to size.

Question 7

PCR

Answer 7

to make multiple copies of a specific DNA segment. Using PCR, a single copy (or more) of a DNA sequence is exponentially amplified to generate thousands to millions of more copies of the particular DNA segment.

Question 8

Complementation

Answer 8

In genetics, complementation occurs when two strains of an organism with different homozygous recessive mutations that produce the same mutant phenotype (for example, a change in wing structure in flies) produce offspring with the wild-type phenotype when mated or crossed.

Question 9

Control

Answer 9

A scientific control is an experiment or observation designed to minimize the effects of variables other than the independent variable.

This increases the reliability of the results, often through a comparison between control measurements and the other measurements.