L1 - Epigenetic Regulation of Gene Expression

Question 1

Epigenetic traits definition

Answer 1

heritable phenotypes caused by alterations of chromatin structure

Question 2

Epigenetic mechanisms regulate

Answer 2

gene accessibility
transcription levels
sensitivity to change

Question 3

Examples of epigenetic mechanisms

Answer 3

DNA methylation of CpG dinucleotides
Covalent modifications
Binding of TFs
Recruitment of non-histones

Question 4

High densities of CpGs are found in

Answer 4

gene promoters

Question 5

CpG islands are unmethylated in

Answer 5

transcriptionally active promoters

Question 6

CpG islands are methylated in

Answer 6

transcriptionally silent promoter

Question 7

Methyl group function

Answer 7

facilitate DNA condensation

rendering it inaccessible

Question 8

Transcriptionally active or permissive euchromatin contains

Answer 8

acetyl groups

Question 9

Targets of histone modification writers

Answer 9

N-terminal tails of core histones

Question 10

Examples of short non-coding RNAs

Answer 10

miRNA

piRNA

Question 11

Phenotype plasticity enables

Answer 11

environmental signals to increase phenotypic variation

Question 12

Complementary DNA methylation and transcriptomic changes respond to

Answer 12

environmental changes

Question 13

What determines developing butterfly wing colour

Answer 13

Ecdysone