L1 - Basis of disease

Question 1

Atrophy

Answer 1

size AND cell number decrease
caused by: disuse, loss of trophic stimuli, insuffiecient nutrients, decreased blood flow, persistent cell injury and aging

Question 2

Hypertrophy causes increase in _________ and hyperplasia causes increase in ___________.
Hypertrophy caused by ?
hyperplasia caused by?

Answer 2

cell size

cell number

hypertrophy caused by increased workload, increased hypertension

hyperplasia caused by working out

Question 3

metaplasia

Answer 3

one adult cell type is replaced by another cell type; reprograms undifferentiated stem cells

example - barrot’s syndrome, chronic irritation (in lungs) and inflammation (H. pylori) causes it

Question 4

__________occurs only in tissues that do mitosis

Answer 4

hyperplasia

— so it has to be a controlled process

Question 5

what is dysplasia?

what mostly causes it?

Answer 5

deranged cell growth that leads to heterogeneity in size, shape and appearance; involving sequential mutations in proliferating cell populations

viruses
(metaplastic sqaumous epithelium of respiratory tract of smokers and uterine cancer in HPV patients)

Question 6

what causes the lysing of lysosomes?

Answer 6

decrease in cellular pH

Question 7

why is lead poisonous?

Answer 7

it looks like calcium so it can travel through blood brain barrier and affect brain tissue and signaling