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RESP. ANATOMY > L1 Anatomy Of The Nasal Cavity > Flashcards

L1 Anatomy Of The Nasal Cavity Flashcards

1
Q

Parts of external nose ( 3)

A

Formed by cartilages, bones & fibrous tissue

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2
Q

Bones of external nose (3)

A

Nasal
Frontal process of the maxillae
Nasal process of Frontal bone

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3
Q

Nerve supply to skin of external nose

A

Above :
Ophthalmic nerve
a. infratrocheal branch
b. external nasal

Lateral :
Maxillary nerve
a. lateral branch of infraorbital nerve

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4
Q

Arterial supply to external nose

A

Above :
Ophthalmic artery
a. Dorsal nasal branch

Lateral :
Maxillary artery
a. infraorbital branch

Down:
Branches of facial artery

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5
Q

What can happen In fracture of the cribriform plate of the ethmoid bone?

A

the CSF may leak into the nasal cavity resulting in (CSF rhinorrhea)

(dribbling of clear fluid from the nose on bleeding and straining)

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6
Q

Structures of nasal cavity (4)

A

🌕Roof:

anterior —

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7
Q

Types of mucosa in nasal cavity

A
  1. Olfactory mucosa
    - olfactory nerve that gives bipolar axons that penetrate the cribriform plate of the ethmoidal bone in the anterior part of the roof of the nasal cavity giving receptor cells ( with cilia and dendrites ) surrounded by supporting cells ( epi. cells )
  2. resp. Mucosa
    - similar to rest of resp. tract
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8
Q

Type of cells in the mucosa ( mucosal cells )

A

🌕Ciliated cells

🌕Brush cells ( with microvilli )

🌕Goblet cells

🌕Small granule cells (Kulchitsky cells) — DNES ( diffused neuroendocrine system)

🌕Basal cells ( stem cells of ciliated and goblet cells )

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9
Q

Respiratory mucosa components (5)

A

Cilia

Goblet cells

Serous & Mucous glands ( in lamina propria )

High vascularity

Rich nerve supply

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10
Q

Components of the roof of nasal cavity

A
  1. Nasal cartilage
  2. Nasal bone
  3. Frontal bone
  4. Cribriform plate of ethmoid bone ( anteriorly )
  5. Body of the sphenoid bone ( posteriorly )
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11
Q

Nasal cavity is connected to anterior cranial cavity by

A
  1. Emissary veins that connect (nasal veins) with ( superior saggital sinus )
  2. Lymphatics that connects the nasal cavity to the subarchaniod space
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12
Q

Floor of nasal cavity is made of :

A
  1. Maxillary bone ( palatine process )

2. Palatine bone ( horizontal process )

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13
Q

Nasal and oral cavity are connected by :

A

Incisive canals in the incisive fossa in the anterior part of ( nasal cavity floor )

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14
Q

Components of nasal septum

A

BONES:

  1. perpendicular process of ethmoidal bone (sup.)
  2. Vomer (inf.)
  3. Nasal process of frontal
  4. Sphenoidal bone

CARTILAGES:

  1. septal cartilage
  2. Septal process of ( inferior nasal cartilage )
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15
Q

What is the name of the most anterior part of nasal septum

A

Columella which os fibro-fatty tissue and mobile

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16
Q

Nerve supply to the nasal septum

A

🔥Olfactory nerve (in the roof )

🔥Trigeminal nerve
🕸OPHTHALMIC
- external nasal nerve
- anterior ethmoidal nerve

🕸 maxillary

  • anterior superior alveolar nerve
  • sphenopalatine nerve
  • greater palatine nerve
17
Q

Arterial supply to nasal septum

A

🕸 ophthalmic artery (sup)
- anterior ethmoidal artery

🕸 maxillary ( lateral )

  • sphenopalatine artery
  • greater palatine artery

🕸 facial artery (inf )

18
Q

What is the most affected area that leads to epistaxis ?

A

Kisselbach’s area which most of arteries anastomoses there

19
Q

What does the lateral walls of nasal cavity made from?

A

BONES

  1. Nasal bones
  2. frontal process of maxillary bone
  3. Lacrimal bone
  4. Labyrinth of ethmoid (giving sup. and mid. conchae )
  5. Inferior conchae
  6. Perpendicular plate of the palatine ( with sphenopalatine foramen in its upper part )
  7. Medial pterygoid of sphenoid

CARTILAGES
- upper and lower nasal cartilages with some other

20
Q

Most anterior part of lateral nasal walls called ?

A

It is mobile fibro-fatty tissue called (ala)

21
Q

What is the Vestibule?

A

A small depressed area in the anterior part. It is lined by modified skin containing short, stiff curved hairs called vibrissae.

22
Q

What is the The atrium of the middle meatus ?

A

It is the middle part just in front of the middle meatus and above the vestibule.

23
Q

What are the components of the meatuses ?

A
  1. Inferior:
    - lacrimal duct in the anterior part
  2. Middle :
    * frontal air sinuses
    * anterior and middle ethmoidal air sinuses
    * maxillary air sinuses
  3. Superior:
    - posterior ethmoidal air sinuses
  4. Sphenoethmoidal recess:
    - sphenoidal air sinuses
24
Q

What is Fovea ethmoidalis ?

A

bony plate separating roof the ethmoidal air sinuses from anterior cranial fossa

25
Q

Nerve supply to lateral walls of nasal cavity

A
  1. Olfactory
  2. Trigeminal
    A. Ophthalmic nerve:
    - anterior ethmoidal nerve

B. Maxillary

  • ptreygopalatine ganglion ( secretomotor )
  • branches of greater palatine
  • greater palatine
  • anterior superior alveolar nerve
26
Q

Venous drainage from the Lateral wall of the Nasal cavity

A

drains into facial vein ( in front )

retropharyngeal vein,pterygoidvenous plexus ( behind )

27
Q

What is the function of Sphenopalatine foramen?

A

Connects pterygopalatine fossa with nasal cavity. It transmits nerves and vessels ( such as pterygopalatine secretomotor nerve ) from this fossa to the nasal cavity. It is present in the upper part of the perpendicular plate of the palatine bone

28
Q

Arterial supply to the Lateral wall of the Nasal cavity

A
  1. Ophthalmic
    - anterior ethmoidal artery
  2. Maxillary
    - sphenopalatine artery
    - branches of greater palatine
    - greater palatine
  3. Facial artery
29
Q

Where does Maxillary air sinus situated ?

A

Within the body of maxilla

30
Q

What are the nerves to the maxillary air sinuses ?

A

Mainly maxillary nerve
1. Anterior, middle, posterior superior alveolar nerve ( supplying upper tooth in the same time )

  1. Infra-orbital branch
31
Q

What are the Structures reducing the openings of the maxillary sinus opening ?

A

the ethmoid, inferior nasal concha & perpendicular plate of palatine bone

32
Q

Lymphatic drainage of the nasal cavity

A

Anterior part –submandibular lymph nodes
Posterior part – retropharyngeal nodes & Upper deep cervical lymph nodes
Roof – drains into CSF

33
Q

How Infection from nasal cavity & nasopharynx can spread into the middle ear ?

A

By auditory tube in the lateral walls of nasopharynx

RESP. ANATOMY (6 decks)

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