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CNS physiology > L.1 > Flashcards

L.1 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the parts of nerve cells

A

Cell body
Dendrites
Axon

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2
Q

Ions can move in three different ways mention them ?

A

Diffusion
Active transport
Facilitated diffusion

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3
Q

What makes the membrane potential of nerve

A

Voltage difference across the membrane

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4
Q

What is the value of resting membrane potential

A

-60 to -80

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5
Q

The resting membrane potential value is close to ………

A

Ek+ and Ecl-

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6
Q

What are the types of ion channels

A

Voltage gated
Ligand gated
Mechanosensitive

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7
Q

What is the value needed to initiate an action potential

A

15+ mv

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8
Q

Voltage gated Na+ channels and voltage gated K+ channels cause what ?

A

K+ channels cause repolarisation
Na+ channels cause depolarisation

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9
Q

In the absolute refractory period what happen to the gates ? Both Na+ and K+

A

Na+ inactivated
K+ open

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10
Q

In the relative refractory period what happen to the gates ? Both Na+ and K+

A

Both are closed

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11
Q

What are the functions of myelin ?

A
  • increase the speed of conduction
    -Trap the positive charges inside the cell which lead to Saltatory conduction
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12
Q

What are the glial cell that produce myelin in PNS AND CNS

A

PNS : Schwann cell
CNS: oligodendrocytes

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13
Q

Where does the stimulation begin in the saltatory conduction

A

Nodes of ranvier

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14
Q

Class of nerves ? General and sensory

A

General ( A , B , C )
Sensory ( I , II , III , IV )
both from fast and big to slow and small

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15
Q

What are the two types of receptors?

A

Intropic ( protein subunits- fast action and activation)
Metatropic ( G-protein coupled receptor, slow action and activation)

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16
Q

What are glial cell ?

A

They are protectors and supporters of neurones and they increase their functional capacity

17
Q

What are the types of glial cells

A
  • Schwann cell
    -oligodendrocytes
    -ependyma
    -astrocytes
    -radial cell
    -microglia
18
Q

Function of each glial cells ?

A
  • Schwann cell and oligodendrocytes is the production of myelin
  • ependyma and astrocyte is control the extra cellular environment and produce CSF
  • Radial cell is the development of brain they reduce overtime
  • microglia immune function
19
Q

Where does microglia and macroglia derived from ?

A

Microglia from macrophages outside CNS
macroglia from stem cells

20
Q

What are the functions of macroglia ( 8) ?

A

Structural support
Insulate axons
Blood brain barrier
Promote efficient signalling between neurones
Release growth hormones
Guid the migrating neurones and axons
Synaptogenesis
Anatomical development of the brain

21
Q

How does Astrocyte regulate synaptogenesis ?

A

By Regulating Synapse number , functions and stability

22
Q

What is the role of glial cell in synaptic activity ?

A

They produce gliotransmitters

CNS physiology (3 decks)

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