L01 Role of materials in dent Flashcards
Why do teeth need to be restored/replaced?
Trauma, tooth decay, tooth loss, revision
What is a dental biomaterial?
A material intended to interface with the human biological system to evaluate, treat, augment or replace any oral tissue or function
Why do we need dental biomaterial?
To improve function in mouth and aesthetics due to cosmetics
How do mechanical properties of materials need to be considered?
Enamel is the hardest substance in the body and has dentinal tubules supporting it creating a unique structure. Dentine is less hard acting as a suspension. Difficult to replicate.
How does handling affect the material?
Needs to be optimised to not decrease properties of the material
- incorrect manipulation
- technique sensitivity
- clinical competence
What is biocompatibility?
The ability of a material to perform with an appropriate host response in a specific application.
Biological environment is affected by the material and material is affected by the biological environment.
What interactions might there be between the material and the biological environment?
Post-operative sensitivity
Toxicity
Corrosion
Hypersensitivity/allergy
What is clinical performance of materials dependent on?
Appropriate material selection
Optimum restoration design
Interactions with biological environment
Patient considerations
How could a material fail due to biocompatibility?
Lack of a chemical stability in the biological environment
Elicit a pulpal response from vital teeth
How could a material fail due to mechanical failure?
Premature fracture due to incorrect placement or material failure
Suffer from excessive wear due to poor design or material selection
How could a material fail due to aesthetic quality?
Discolouration of a metal-ceramic fixed partial denture
Staining of a resin composite restoration
What is the important of dental biomaterials?
Wrong material choice = decreased clinical longevity
Incorrect manipulation = premature failure
Design of the prosthesis dependent on material properties
Rapidly changing science
