L. Hodgkins Lymphoma (L12) Flashcards
The presence of what cell type is necessary for the diagnosis of Hodgkins Lymphoma?
Reed Sternberg
What is the appearance of Reed Sternberg Cells?
- Large binucleated cells with abundant cytoplasm & multiple nucleoli
- “Owl eyes”
A majority of the mass in hogkins lymphoma is made up of what?
Inflammatory cells that where recruited to the lymph node by cytokines released by the
A majority of the mass in Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma made up of what?
Neoplastic cells
What surface markers do Reed Sternberg Cells have?
CD30 & CD15
What is the origin of Reed Sternberg Cells?
• Monoclonal germinal center B cells
How does the likelihood of getting Hodgkins lymphoma change with age?
- Bimodal
* Higher risk in teenagers/young adults and then in the over 50 population
How is the incidence of Hodgkins lymphoma changing? How about NHL?
Incidence is increasing slightly for HL
Large increase in NHL
Does NHL and/or HL have prominent background cells?
• Hodgkins does and NHL doesn’t
Do males or females generally get Hodgkins lymphoma more often? Exception?
- Males
* Except in sclerosing type (young females most common)
What other conditions increase the risk for Hodgkins Lymphoma?
- EBV
* HIV & other immunodeficiencies
What are B symptoms? Are they present in HL or NHL? What causes them?
- Fever
- Night Sweats
- Fatigue
- Weight Loss
- HL, not NHL
- Caused by cytokines being released by Reed Sternberg
How does Hodgkins Lymphoma Present?
- Painless lymphadenopathy
- B symptoms
- Itchy skin
- Continuous spread through body/lymph nodes
Does continuous spread through lymph nodes/tissue suggest HL or NHL?
Hodgkins Lymphoma
What is the most common subtype of Hodgkin’s Lymphoma?
Nodular Sclerosis
Who is most likely to get Nodular Sclerosis?
Young Females
Lacunar Cells and fibrous bands through bone marrow are signs of what condition?
• Nodular Sclerosis (Hodgkins Lymphoma)
What is the general prognosis for Hodgkin’s Lymphoma Patients?
• Pretty good, about 80% 5 yr survival rate
Does NHL or HL have the better prognosis?
HL
Is Hodgkin’s Treatment based more on staging or morphological features?
Staging
Is extranodal disease characteristic of NHL or HL?
NHL
How much of the mass in Hodgkin’s Lymphoma is made up of neoplastic cells?
- Small percentage
* Few Reed Strenberg Cells which secrete cytokines to bring in inflammatory cells
Which Hodgkin’s subtype has the best prognosis? Worst Prognosis?
- Lymphocytic Rich
* Lymphocytic Depleted
What are the neoplastic cells in Hodgkins Lymphoma?
Reed Sternberg Cells
Which is more common, HL or NHL?
NHL
Are systemic symptoms seen in HL or NHL?
HL
Is “multicentric” disease suggestive of NHL or HL?
NHL
Are Reed Sternberg cells monoclonal or polyclonal?
Monoclonal
Where in the body does Nodular sclerosis most often present?
Mediastinum
How is flow cytometry used to diagnose HL?
• It isn’t useful for this purpose
What are the two main subtypes of HL? Which is more common?
Classical HL
Nodular Lymphocytic Predominant HL
CHL account for about 95% of HL
What are the 4 types of Classical HL?
Nodular sclerosis (NS) Lymphocyte depletion (LD) Lymphocyte rich (LR) Mixed cellularity (MC)
Is HL curable?
Yes (about 75% of the time)
Is NHL curable?
Sort of (<50% of the time)
What is the cell type that is neoplastic in NHL? What stage of differentiation is present?
B cells (85%) & T cells (15%) Various stages of differentiation
HL makes up what percentage of lymphomas?
40%
Are NL & NHL related to neoplastic lymphocytes and/or granulocytes?
Lymphocytes only
The ingestion of what can worsen the itching seen in some patients with HL?
Alcohol
What causes Reed Sternberg Cells?
During fixation reed staernberg cells pull away from surrounding leaving an empty space around them that is an artifact
Cytokines released from Reed Sternberg Cells do what 2 things?
Recruit inflammatory background cells
Cause B symptoms
