L: 23 Allergy

Question 1

Allergen

Answer 1

Environmental Ag

Question 2

Allergy

Answer 2

Reaction to environmental Ag by acquired immune response
Mast cell and esinophils
Th2 response and IL-4, IL-5, & IL-3 key elements

Question 3

Allergic disease are all associated with what?

Answer 3

Generation of IgE

Question 4

IgE specific response only elicit in who?

Answer 4

Genetically Susceptible people

Question 5

Allergens are a diverse group of?

Answer 5

Proteins and Glycoproteins

Question 6

Indoor allergens usually associated with what?

Answer 6

Asthma

Question 7

Allergens activate?

Answer 7

PRRs (pattern recognition receptors)

Question 8

Factors favoring Th1 and protected immunity

Answer 8

Older siblings
Early exposure to daycare
TB, measles, Hep A
Rural environment

Question 9

Factors favoring Th2 and allergic disease

Answer 9

Widespread use of antibiotics
Western lifestyle
Urban environment
Diet
Sensitization to dust mites and cockroachesne Atopy

Question 10

Define Atopy

Answer 10

Presence of type 1 hypersensitivity reactions to allergens

Strong heritability

Question 11

Atopy risk %

Answer 11

75% 2 parents
50% 1 parent
15% no atopic parent

Question 12

Genes known to be involved in allergic disease?

Answer 12

*Bchain of the high affinity receptor for IgE
*IL-4
HLA-DR
*CD14

Question 13

What factor has a huge role in allergy

Answer 13

Environmental

Question 14

High_____in cord blood of infants predicts future development of atopy

Answer 14

IgE

Question 15

What are the key elements to an allergy response

Answer 15

Th2 type response

IL-4, IL-5, IL-13 key elements

Question 16

Today what immune mechanism is being studied the most in regards to allergic disease

Answer 16

Innate immune mechanism

Question 17

Allergens activate an innate immune response by

Answer 17

Intrinsic enzymatic activity

Activation of pattern-recognition receptors (PPR)

Question 18

What are aeroallergens and examples

Answer 18

Airborne protein and glycoproteins
Pollenating trees/grass
mold spores
animal dander
particulate secretions of mites and cockroaches

Question 19

Indoor allergens are associated with?

Outdoor?

Answer 19

Indoor- asthma

Outdoor- Rhinitis

Question 20

what is an important property of allergens for crossing the skin/mucosal barriers

Answer 20

Protease activity

Question 21

The polymorphism of what genes are thought to be involved in inheritance

Answer 21

ßchain for high affinity receptor for IgE
IL-4 gene
HLA-DR alleles
CD14

Question 22

Hygiene hypothesis shifts from ____ to ____ types of immunity
with a decrease number of _____ cells

Answer 22

Th1 to Th2

Treg

Question 23

Infections in childhood causing _____ response (Virus and intracellular bacteria) can restore the ________

Answer 23

Th1

Th1/2 balance

Question 24

Increased number of T reg cells after an infection can limit the development of

Answer 24

Allergies

Question 25

Allergen immunotherapy

Answer 25

Desensitization indicated for disorders of IgE hypersensitivity.
Sub-Q injections of increasing doses.

Question 26

Cytokines:

Production of IgE

Answer 26

IL-4, IL-13

Question 27

Cytokines

Dev/accumulation of eosinophils and basophils

Answer 27

IL-4, IL-5, IL-13

Question 28

Cytokines

Development of mast cells

Answer 28

Il-4, IL-13

Question 29

Cytokine

Airway hyperresponsivness

Answer 29

IL-13

Question 30

Overproduction of mucus

Answer 30

IL-4, IL-13