L 10 - Geology Flashcards

1
Q

what changes of the preexisting rocks during the metamorphic process?

A

textural
mineralogical
and both

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2
Q

when do metamorphic changes happen?

A

while the rocks remain under the solid state

exception - migmatite

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3
Q

what is the transformation of a limestone to marble of?

A

metamorphism - involves rock recrystallization

limestone - sedimentary
marble - metamorphic

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4
Q

why is the study of metamorphic rocks important?

A

they provide a WINDOW into the different levels into the earths crust
economic significance
understand how crust behaves

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5
Q

what are the four major types of metamorphism?

A

He only listed three….
regional meta
contact meta
burial meta

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6
Q

how does depth/pressure and temp relate to the grade of meta rocks?

A

LTLP low grade
HTHP high grade
MTMP med. grade
HPLT rocks that are not known in nature

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7
Q

what two new textures are developed during meta?

A
re crystallization (limestone to marble)
foliation (parallel alignment of minerals in the rock which results in layered appearance of the rock)
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8
Q

what are the two major classes of textures in meta rocks

A

foliated and non foliated (granoblastic)

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9
Q

what is rock cleavage?

A

the tendency of a rock to break along parallel or sub-parallel surfaces

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10
Q

what are the kinds of cleavage and foliation?

A
slaty cleavage (black slate, green slate)
phyllitic (cleav or foli) (come from meta changes of very fine sedimentary rocks)
schisotose foli (schist)
Gneissic foli
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11
Q

rock response to force and stress

A

force - push or pull that result in a change in the motion

Stress - amount of force per unit area

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12
Q

kinds of stress

A

confining stress

differential stress - compression, tension and shear

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13
Q

two major categories of crustal structures

A

folds - result of ductile deformation

fault - result of brittle deformation

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14
Q

three types of folds

A

anticline
syncline
monocline

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15
Q

parts of a anticline

A
hinge 
limb
axial plane
upright
inclined
plunging
overturned
recumbent
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16
Q

three types of faults

A

strike-slip fault —->
dip slip —–^
oblique slip —-^ —->

17
Q

what are the three types of faults?

A

normal
reverse
thrust