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Interventional Spine > Kyphon Product > Flashcards

Kyphon Product Flashcards

0
Q

Define surgery

A

Surgery is defined as a branch of medicine concerned with diseases and conditions requiring or amenable to operative or manual procedures

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1
Q

Define medicine

A

Medicine is defined as the art and science of the diagnosis and treatment of diseases and the maintenance of health

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2
Q

Define perioperative

A

It is the period of time prior to the operation. It may include the onset of pathobiology, the appearance of symptoms, the diagnosis, the moment the patient enters the hospital, and the moment the patient is wheeled into the operating room

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3
Q

Define intraoperative

A

It is the period of time in which the patient is in the operating room

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4
Q

Define postoperative

A

It is the period of time after the operation in which the patient recovers from the surgical procedure and his or her condition

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5
Q

Describe supine or dorsal recumbent

A

Lying on the back

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6
Q

Define prone

A

Lying on the abdomen. Face down

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7
Q

Define knee-chest

A

Kneeling, face down and knees bent

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8
Q

Define lithotomy

A

Lying on the back, thighs elevated and the legs flexed at right angles to the body, perineum exposed

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9
Q

Trendelenburg

A

Lying supine with the head tilted down

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10
Q

Lateral decubitus

A

Lying on the side

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11
Q

In surgical terms what does sign mean?

A

Objective, measurable parameter that a physician can observe and record.

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12
Q

In surgical terms what does syndrome mean?

A

Specific set of symptoms and signs that define a particular pathology.

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13
Q

Neurosurgeon

A

Perform surgery on neurological complications to the head, neck and spine

Trained during residency, five year program

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14
Q

Orthopedic spine surgeon

A

Training is a five year residency for general orthopedics with a spine fellowship for an additional two years

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15
Q

Interventional radiologist

A

Radiologist with 1 to 2 year fellowship on minimally invasive peripheral body interventions, not spine ( I. E., P ICC lines, perm cath’s etc.)

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16
Q

INR

A

1-2 year fellowship solely on head, neck and spine (I.e., facet blocks, aneurysm coiling, Stenting, etc)

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17
Q

Pain management surgeon

A

Anesthesiologist who have an additional one-year fellowship in acute and chronic pain management, interventional pain management, and palliative medicine

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18
Q

Fracture reduction

A

Fracture reduction is one of the standard orthopedic goals when treating a broken bone. The definition of “reduction” as written in Stedman’s medical dictionary is: repositioning; the restoration by surgical and manipulative procedures, of a part to its normal anatomical relation.

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19
Q

Vertebralplasty

A

It is a minimally invasive, orthopedic treatment where bone cement is injected into a fractured vertebra in order to stabilize it.

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20
Q

Balloon kyphoplasty

A

Balloon kyphoplasty is a minimally invasive, orthopedic treatment that stabilizes the fractured vertebra, reducing pain and providing for correction of the deformity. It uses balloons to create a void and move bone, and highly-viscous cement to support the surrounding bone.

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21
Q

Approximately how many VCFs are there every year in the United States?

A

More than 700,000

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22
Q

What are the most common causes of VCFs?

A

Osteoporosis and cancer

23
Q

What is the current “standard of care” for VCFs?

A

Conservative care such as bedrest, pain medications and back braces

24
Q

Why are VCFs treated this way?

A

When confronted with treating VCFs, conventional surgery methods (spinal instrumentation) are not typically used for these reasons:

  1. Generally, conventional surgical methods to correct the spinal deformity are too invasive for the geriatric population
  2. Osteoporotic bone is very soft and weak making the conventional method difficult to apply
25
Q

List the four AO principles of fracture reduction

A
  1. fracture reduction and fixation to restore anatomical relationships
  2. Stability by fixation or splintage, as the nature of the injury requires.
  3. Preservation of blood supply to soft tissue and bone by careful handling as gentle reduction techniques.
  4. Early and safe mobilization of the part and the patient.
26
Q

Summarize the balloon kyphoplasty procedure

A
  1. The spine specialist creates a small pathway into the left and right sides of the fractured bone (referred to as a bilateral approach) through the patients back. The skin incisions are each approximately 1 cm in length.
  2. A small, orthopedic balloon is guided through the instrument into the vertebra.
  3. The balloon is carefully inflated in an attempt to raise the collapsed vertebra and return it to its normal position. Inflation of the balloon creates a void (cavity) in the vertebral body.
  4. Once the vertebra is in the correct position, the balloon is deflated and removed.
  5. The cavity is filled with highly-viscous (or thick) bone cement forming an “internal cast” to support the surrounding bone and prevent further collapse.
27
Q

Instruments that go on the mayo stand from left to right

A
  1. Guide pin
  2. Skin marker
  3. Scalpel
  4. 11-gage bone access needle/jamshidi
  5. Guide pin
  6. OI w/ cannula
  7. Additional cannula (for bilateral approach)
  8. Bone biopsy device
  9. Precision drill
  10. Bone filler device
  11. Hamostat and mallet on the top of the tray
28
Q

One 360 degree turn of the inflation string handle pushes how much contrast into the IBT

A

0.5 cc

29
Q

1 squeeze of the CDS fun leer dispenses how much cement, and allows the surgeon to work how far away from the radiation source

A

0.2cc

48” away

30
Q

The back table should be divided into how many sections

A

2

31
Q

The first approved bone cement for balloon kyphoplasty is

A

Kyphx HV-R

32
Q

OsteoIntroducer

A

User to rapidly and precisely place working cannula

33
Q

Precision drill

A

Creates a channel within the vertebral body; has this 2-mm markings

34
Q

Guide pins

A

A “bookmark” during tool exchanges

35
Q

Bone biopsy (BBD)

A

Takes a sample of bone where cancer or other pathology is suspected; taupe handle

36
Q

Inflation syringe

A

Has pressure gage and volume measurements; for inflation

37
Q

Inflatable bone tamp (IBT)

A

Creates a void within the vertebral body as it moves bone

38
Q

Jamshidi

A

Used for gaining initial access into a vertebral body, also known as the 11-gage bone access needle

39
Q

List the items needed for IBT prep

A
  1. Inflation syringe
  2. Locking syringe
    2 IBTs (inflatable bone tamps)
  3. Contrast and beaker/bowl
40
Q

Items needed for he IBT prep:

A
  1. Inflation syringe
  2. Locking syringe
  3. IBTs (inflatable bone tamps)
  4. Contrast and beaker/ bowl
41
Q

List the items needed for cement prep

A
  1. Kyphon mixer
  2. Kyphon HV-R cement
    6 BFDs (bone filler devices)
42
Q

List the 3 Xpander balloon sizes available, their maximum volume and pressure, and the color of their marker bands:

A
  1. Size: 10/3 max volume 4cc max pressure is 400 psi marker band is yellow
  2. 15/3 max volume is 4cc max pressure is 400 psi marker band is black
  3. 20/3 6cc 400 psi white marker band
43
Q

Summarize indications and contraindications for the IBT

A

Indications: are intended to be used as conventional bone Tamps for the reduction of fracture and/or creation of a void in cancellus bone. In the spine (including use during balloon kyphoplasty with kyphx HV-R BONE CEMENT) hand, tibia, radius, and calcaneus

No contraindications

44
Q

Samurais indications and contraindications for HV-R cement

A

Indicated for the treatment of pathological fractures of the T ProBody due to osteoporosis, cancer, or benign kyphoplasty procedure. Cancer includes multiple myeloma and metastic lesions, including those arising from breast or lung cancer, or lymphoma. Benign lesions include hemangioma and giant cell tumor.

Contraindications: PMMA bone cement is contraindicated in the presence of active or incompletely treated infection at the site where the bone cement is to be applied

45
Q

IBT ADVERSE EVENTS:

Embolism a fat, thrombosis or other materials resulting in symptomatic ___________ ___________ or other clinical sequelae.

A

Pulmonary embolism

46
Q

IBT ADVERSE EVENTS:

____________ with fragmentation of the inflatable portion of the IBT resulting in retention of a _______ within the vertebral body.

A
  1. Rupture

2. Fragment

47
Q

IBT ADVERSE EVENTS:

Rupture of the IBT causing ___________ medium exposure, possibly resulting in an allergic reaction or _________

A
  1. Contrast

2. Anaphylaxis

48
Q

IBT ADVERSE EVENTS

_________ Vertebral body bone fragments Which may cause injury to the spinal cord or nerve roots resulting in_____________, paresis,or _______.

A
  1. Retropulsed
  2. Radiculopathy
  3. Paralysis
49
Q

IBT ADVERSE EVENTS

_________ or hematoma

A

Bleeding

50
Q

Who wrote percutaneous Vertebroplasty and kyphoplasty for painful vertebral body fractures in cancer patients

A

Daryl r. Fourney et al

51
Q

Risk of subsequent vertebral body compression fractures after balloon kyphoplasty

A

Daniel Cher, md
Karen talmadge, phd
Avram edidin phd

52
Q

Who wrote: Reduction of pain and fracture incidence after kyphoplasty: 1-year outcomes of a prospective controlled trial if patients with primary osteoporosis

A

Ingo grafe

Katharina da fonseca et al

53
Q

Balloon kyphoplasty is effective in deformity correction of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures

A

Gregor voggenreirer, md

54
Q

Ballon kyphoplasty for symptomatic vertebral body compression fractures results in rapid significant and sustained improvements in back pain function and quality of life for elderly patients

A

Steven r garfin

Rudolph Buckley et al

55
Q

Efficacy and safety of balloon kyphoplasty com paired with non surgical care for vertebral compression fracture (FREE) a randomized controlled trial

A

Douglas wardlaw

Steven r Cummings et al

Interventional Spine (5 decks)

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