Krok Mixture Flashcards

(58 cards)

1
Q

After eating rich food, nausea, heartburn and steatorrhea are caused by what?

A

Bile acid deficiency

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2
Q

A child has galactosemia. Blood glucose is unchanged. What is the enzyme deficiency?

A

Galactose-1-phosphate uridyltransferase

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3
Q

Which amino acid enhances methylation during phospholipid synthesis?

A

Methionine

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4
Q

A patient has glycogenosis. The patient also has blood hypoglycemia. What is the enzyme deficiency?

A

Glycogen phosphorylase deficiency

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5
Q

Patient has a high excretion of sodium bicarbonate. What is the acid base imbalance?

A

Metabolic acidosis

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6
Q

Methotrexate is given to treat cancer. How does it help?

A

By inhibiting nucleic acid mononucleotide synthesis

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7
Q

How does the death cap mushroom kill you?

A

By blocking RNA polymerase b (2) which disturbs mRNA synthesis

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8
Q

Indole can cause endotoxemia. Where is it produced?

A

In the intestinal tract

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9
Q

In urinary cancer there’s a high serotonin and hydroxyanthranilic acid concentration. Which amino acid causes this in excess?

A

Tryptophan

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10
Q

A child has erythema, vesicular rash, skin itch with sun exposure. Decreased blood serum iron. Increased uroporphyrinogen 1 excretion in urine. What is the most likely inherited pathology?

A

Erythropoietic porphyuria

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11
Q

Idiosyncratic reaction to drug causes hemolysis. What enzyme is deficient?

A

Glucose 6 phosphate dehydrogenase

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12
Q

Patient has a low concentration of uric acid and an accumulation of xanthine and hypo xanthine. Which enzyme is defective?

A

Xanthine oxidase

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13
Q

Increased free fatty acids in patients with diabetes mellitus. What is the cause of this?

A

Increased activity of triglyceride lipase in adipocytes

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14
Q

In diabetes there is hyperglycemia. Which blood plasma protein allows estimation of glycemia rate retrospectively?

A

Glycated haemoglobin

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15
Q

How does vitamin D2 affect enterobiasis?

A

Inactivates fad dependent hydrogenases

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16
Q

The cleft of the urethra opens to the inferior surface of the penis. Name this condition.

A

Hypospadia

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17
Q

A child inhaled a small object. where is it likely to be?

A

The right main bronchus

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18
Q

Three bones in the pelvic cavity are connected with cartilage. Name them.

A

Iliac, pubic, sciatic

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19
Q

Name the part of the lung that is ventilated by the tertiary bronchus accompanied by branches of pulmonary artery and other vessels.

A

Bronchopulmonary segment

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20
Q

Name the structure on the posterior wall of the inguinal canal.

A

Transverse fascia

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21
Q

name of the tube that connects the inner bit of the skull to the outer bit of the skull from the mamiform process to the arachnoid process.

A

V. Emissairae mastoideae

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22
Q

Patient has hemorrhage on the lateral hemisphere of the brain. Which artery is injured?

A

Middle cerebral artery.

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23
Q

Surgical approach to the thyroid gland from the transverse (collar) approach involves opening of the interaponeurotic suprasternal space. Which anatomical structure is localised in this space and may be damaged?

A

Jugular venous arch

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24
Q

In which parts of the cerebral cortex is the motor centre localised to regulate head muscle activity?

A

Inferior part of the precentral gyrus

25
Which ligament, if damaged, can induce lordosis?
Anterior longitudinal ligament
26
Outflow from a perforated ulcer of the posterior stomach wall would go where?
The omental bursa
27
Patient had flu then ear ache. How did the infection penetrate the middle ear?
Through the auditory tube
28
Anteriosuperior area of thigh and big toe are infected. Which lymph nodes respond?
Superficial inguinal
29
Name the artery running between the tendons of the long extensor muscles and toes.
A. Dorsalis pedis
30
Which muscle attaches to the infraglenoid tubercle?
The long head of the triceps brachii I
31
Which muscle is responsible for flexion of the 2 and 5 fingers to the midline?
Palmar interosseous muscle
32
What is controlled by the postcentral gyrus?
Touch
33
What is controlled by the posterior Central gyrus?
Skin sensitivity
34
Which vessel feeds the left coronary sulcus?
The ramus circumflexus coronary vessel
35
Which organ is in the right lateral abdomen?
The ascending colon
36
What will occur from paralysis of the stapedius muscle?
Hearing impairment
37
Which receptors transfer information to the cortex without thalamic involvement?
Olfactory
38
Damage to the reticular formation causes what?
Deep prolonged sleep
39
The ereter narrow patch between the pelvic and abdominal segments is due to which Y shaped ligament?
Linea terminalis ligament
40
Which nerve goes through the supraorbital cranial foramen?
Trigeminal
41
How many bronchopulmonary segments does the inferior lobe of the left lung have?
5
42
What is the anterior spinal cord root made up of?
Motor neuron axons
43
Where is the mesenteric root located?
At the duodenojejunal flexure
44
S2-S4 sacral damage causes what?
Urinary incontinence
45
Which ligament makes up the upper margin of the femoral trigone?
Lig. Inguinale
46
Which blood vessel is found along the lateral edge of the sternocleidomastoid muscle?
V. Jugularis
47
Pressure increase in which vein causes marks dilation of saphenous veins in the anterior abdomen?
Hepatic portal vein
48
Which muscle is normally used for forearm extension?
Triceps brachii
49
Which structure is most likely to be fractured on the inner surface of the ankle?
Medial malleolus (ankle bone)
50
Damage to which nerve can cause deltoid atrophy?
Axiliary
51
Which ligaments hold the tibia relative to the femur?
Cruciate ligaments
52
What is the name of the anterior interventricular sulcus vein?
V. Cordis magna
53
Which procedure would go through the yellow or flaval ligament?
Lumbar puncture
54
In the instance of of hepatic hemorrhage, where would the blood pool?
In the rectouterine pouch
55
In the instance that the urethra is split into two separate orifices, what name would be given to this condition?
Epispadias
56
If the saphena Magna vessel is dilated, what would this commonly be known as?
Varicose veins
57
What does carbamoyl phosphate synthetase synthesise?
Urea
58
Which amino acid helps transport ammonia to the liver?
Alanine