Korean War Flashcards

1
Q

soviet advantage

A

USSR has succesffully denotated atomic bomb; US loses ‘ace’ card

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2
Q

China + communists

A

Chinese Civil War; Mao Ze Dong wings against Chiang Kai Shek

-china becomes communist; US refuses to recognize legitimacy

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3
Q

Red scare

A
  • anti-communist feeling strong in US
  • McCarthyism; accusations of communist sympathtizes; leds to purges and show trials of ‘un-AMerican behaiour”
  • a lot of suspicion in the US
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4
Q

NSC-68

A
  • report of US national security council 1950; LaFeber sees it as ‘key document of cold war’
  • warns that communist activity weverywhere can be traced to moscow
  • advices US to increase military strength and spending
  • encourages military and economic aid to be given to any country percieved by the US to be resisting communism
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5
Q

theories involved

A
  • containment
  • confrontation
  • roll back
  • domino effect
  • truman doctrine
  • eisenhower doctrine
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6
Q

immediate cause

A
  • NK invasion of SK 1950 at 38th prallel

- seen by US a example of Soviet Expansionism; domino effect and containment policies inforced

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7
Q

how did the US get involved?

A
  • fear of Soviet Expansionision
    -through UN sponser resolution to have military action against NK
    -as USSR is boycotting security council in protest of US refusal to recognize PRC; resolution passed
    = results on july 1 1950; US and UN troops arrivein Korea under control of UN commander; General Douglas MacArthur
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8
Q

initial war development

A
  1. Initial push by NK took them deep into SK; SK/US/UN troops pushed back into small area
  2. General MacArthur leads UN forces to bypass Korean Troop and cut them off; retakes Seoul and drives NK back to 38th parallel
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9
Q

Result of initial US success…

A
  • US redefines war aims; goes from containment to rollback policy; want to liberate NK from communist rule and reunite Korea using UN forces
    = results in UN forces crossing 38th prallel into NK terriroty
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10
Q

chinese invovelment

A

Chinese concerend about US/UN forces pushing past Yalu River (Close to border)
November; 200,000 Chinese join NK and cause UN troops to retreat; recapture Pyongyan and NK + Allies retake 38th parallel
= many american casualties
= stalemate develops around 38th parallel

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11
Q

results of US failure + macarthur issues

A
  • Truman realizes US needs to return to containment policy on 38th parallel
  • MacArthur disagrress; wants to fight and use military power; is relieved of command
  • TRUMAn replaced by Eisenhower; wnats peace
    = Stalin replaced by Kruschnev; also wnats peace
    -Peace talks start in 1951; reptariation of prisoners of war focus
  • war continues for 2 more years with many casulaties; US puts pressure on china by threatenting use of atomic bomb
    = military armistic signed in 1953
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12
Q

significance?

A

first hot war of cold war

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13
Q

revisionist historian views

A
  • think tha STalin had no role in invasion, and that north was possibly responding to attacks by south
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14
Q

bruce communigs

A

states tha tsoviet control over NK was flimsy and that kim uu sung acted independently

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15
Q

role of Kimg II Sung

A
  • wanted to reunify country under communist country

- wants to persuade Stalin to help and wants his approval

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16
Q

role of Stalin

A
  • initally unwilling to help but changes his mind because
    1. Stalin wants more world revolution; has atomic bomb now and wants to push forward influence (however also a result of his paranoia/fear/detoriation of mental state)
    2. US role in Japan as motivation; wants to secure communist influence in South Asia
    3. US refusal to aid SK
17
Q

Mao ZeDong invovlement

A
  • Mao provides military support and advice
  • Wants to consoldiate his own regime; show strength of communist china
  • annoyed that US won’t accept him
18
Q

result of korean war for USq

A
  • NSC68; increase defence budget
  • increase of US land forces in EUrope
  • Strengthening of NATO
  • want to arm and integrate west germany into US
  • containment to confrontation policy change
  • western states now depednent on US for protection (economic relationship)
19
Q

results of korean war by US for asia

A
  • treaty of san franscisco with Japan 1952; enable US to have military bases in Japan
  • Want to defend Taiwain and aid Chiang Kai Shek
  • isolation of China by US
  • US commited to containment in other US states; e.g. Vietnam
  • SEATO; formed as anti-communist containment bloc in Asian area
20
Q

korean war effect on korea

A
  • cost in human lives and property
  • no hope for reunification
  • cold war issue; not local issue
  • NK remains under communist rule
  • SK as model capitasty success story with US and Japan support
21
Q

korean wawr effect on china

A
  • isolated from US
  • China’s reputation grows as it managed to ‘save’ NK and defeat western forces
  • strengthesn chinese communist revolution
  • decreases PRC reliance on USSR due to Stalin reluctance in war
22
Q

korean war effeect on USSR

A
  • more threat from US
  • More intense cold war standoff
  • however communist succeess in NK
  • loss of terrority
  • stalin dies and replaced with Kruschhnev
  • heightend tensions with china
23
Q

effects of korean war on cold war?

A
  • caused globalization of issues
  • US and USSR now more involved in Asia
  • militarization of cold war; increased us defence spending in europe and in country
  • USSR red army increase of troops
  • clear marker of ideologies in SK and NK
24
Q

two views regarding cold war effect by US

A
  1. containment extende dto Asia with emergence of china-soviet sponsered aggresion
  2. militarization of conflict as korea indicated as stalins intentions to use force to realize expansionist aims